DR.FRANCISCO FADUL À GAZETA DE NOTÍCIAS: "...vamos reconciliar quem, se ninguém assume estar a agredir ninguém? Vamos perdoar a quem, se ninguém confessa os seus crimes e erros nem pede perdão aos lesados nem à sociedade? Vamos criar paz c...omo, se não se faz justiça, se o Estado é o primeiro a ocultar os seus culpados, cimentando a incredulidade, a desconfiança e a impunidade? É uma questão profundamente moral, um imperativo categórico kantiano: temos de ser melhores, querer-nos melhor, para podermos viver melhor, cada um e uns com os outros." Leia a entrevista ...
COMENTÀRIO:
Sr. Dr. Francisco Fadul,Como compatriota que sou(investigador constante do TUFUL-TAFAL GUINEENSE)nao me limitaria desejar-te apenas um bom natal e feliz ano novo,para o Senhor e tambêm para o senhor Zamora Induta.(Voês sao a "INSPIRAÇAO DO MEU REGRESSO A GUINÈ-BISSAU"junto algumas mulheres, combatentes para uma verdadeira democracia na nossa terra,incluindo todos pressos politicos injustamente detidos)Mereçam o meu respeito,admiraçao,e apoio incondicional.
Sair melhor parado chegando como chega estas festas,È o meu desejo para todos(Tendo em conta que sigam na boca dos lobos).
CORAGEM MEUS QUERIDOS COMPATRIOTAS GUINEENSES.(NAO ESTAO SOZINHOS)
A DISGRAÇA DA GUINÈ-BISSAU È QUE OS BURROS CONDUZEM OS CEGOS.
¿AMÈN...?
Big Dj-Abu(Santiago Compostela-España)
jueves, 23 de diciembre de 2010
jueves, 9 de septiembre de 2010
miércoles, 8 de septiembre de 2010
martes, 7 de septiembre de 2010
viernes, 16 de julio de 2010
Racismo Na Russia
Un peruano muerto y un español herido en Rusia tras un ataque xenófobo
Un estudiante universitario de Perú murió y otros dos, un peruano y un español resultaron heridos, víctimas de una agresión callejera en la ciudad rusa de Vorónezh, informó hoy el ministerio ruso del Interior
El ataque contra los estudiantes extranjeros ocurrió anoche en un complejo deportivo en una zona céntrica de Vorónezh, ciudad situada a 500 kilómetros al sur de Moscú, dijo un portavoz de la policía de Vorónezh a la agencia Interfax.
A consecuencia de las heridas recibidas, el ciudadano peruano Enrique Hurtado falleció en el hospital hoy, mientras que el también peruano Alejandro Lavaro Ayala y el español Mario Potiño Rodríguez están hospitalizados con pronóstico reservado, añadió el portavoz.
"Los extranjeros fueron agredidos por al menos quince personas motivadas por razones antisociales", subrayó el portavoz. "Los extranjeros fueron agredidos por al menos quince personas motivadas por razones antisociales", subrayó el portavoz.
En tanto, la emisora de radio "Eco de Moscú" informó de que las víctimas fueron agredidas por un grupo neonazi.
Los dos peruanos, de 18 años, eran estudiantes de las facultades de arquitectura y de medicina de la Universidad Estatal de Vorónezh, uno de los principales centros de educación superior de esa urbe rusa, en donde residen varios miles de extranjeros de casi todos los continentes.
El español, de 38 años, hacía prácticas en la facultad de filología de la Universidad de Vorónezh. El año pasado, los estudiantes extranjeros en Vorónezh protagonizaron una jornada de protestas por el asesinato de un estudiante de medicina de Guinea Bissau.
70 estudiantes extranjeros muertos
Los manifestantes denunciaron que en los últimos siete años han sido asesinados en Vorónezh 70 estudiantes extranjeros y que la Policía ha sido incapaz de encontrar a los culpables.
Según las organizaciones de derechos humanos, los extranjeros residentes en Rusia se han convertido últimamente en blanco de la agresión de agrupaciones extremistas, que centran sus ataques en los africanos y asiáticos.
Los ataques se producen habitualmente en grandes ciudades durante la conmemoración de fiestas patrióticas, acontecimientos deportivos y tras la comisión de atentados terroristas.
El pasado mes de septiembre, un universitario de 29 años, ciudadano del Congo, murió en el hospital a consecuencia de una agresión en una calle de San Petersburgo.
En febrero del año pasado un grupo de "cabezas rapadas" de San Petersburgo agredió a un familia tayika y mató a una niña de nueve años, tras apalear a su padre y a su primo de once.
En marzo, un estudiante sirio murió en la misma ciudad arrollado por un tren tras ser empujado a la vía férrea por fanáticos tras un partido de fútbol, y una estudiante vietnamita fue apuñalada por otros extremistas en la puerta de un albergue estudiantil. En la ciudad siberiana de Chita, dos adolescentes ebrios de 15 y 16 años asesinaron a puñaladas a un ciudadano chino.
FONTE:20Minutos.es internacional
DATA: 16-07-10
COMENTARIO:
Se o mundo livre e capaz de criticar:Racismos,Sexismos,Gen ocidios,Trafico Humanos.Criticamos Ao Israel Por a Injustiça Cometido Contra ao Povo Palestino,Criticamos Os E.U.A. Por mentir sobre esta falsa invasao ao Iraque,Criticamos a politica Ilegal da China Contra o Tibete, Porque e que nao podemos criticar o primeiro genocidio mundial contra estudantes?Peço a este mesmo denomindao mundo livre, uma seria reaçao quanto a situaçao dos estudantes estranjeiros na Russia,ISTO E CRIME,ISTO E O PRIMEIRO CAMPO DE CONCENTRAÇAO PARA EXTREMINAR TODOS OS ESTUDANTES ESTRANJEIROS NA RUSSIA,E COM TOTAL IMPUNIDADE.
Senhores e senhoras 70 Estudantes mortos en apenas 7 anos, Por serem nao brancos,ha mais testimunhos historicos da mesma barbaridades neste planeta?ISTO E SERIO .Senhor MALAM BAICAI SANHA,Sr.CADOGO ,Senhores deputados De Assambleia nacional Popular,Organizaçaoes da Naçaoes Unidas,C.E.D.E.A.,OUA etc etc ....
Por favor pensem seriamente numa evacuaçao emidiato dos estudantes estranjeiros na Russia antes que seja tarde.POR FAVOR IRMAOES GUINEENSES PASSEM ESTE MENSAGEM A TODO MUNDO QUE CONHEÇAS,E PEÇAM-LHES QUE O FAÇA A MESMA.
Quando eu era pequeno sentia muita atraiçao ao comunismo,Internatos para la,e para ca,bandeiras vermelhas,igualidade dos direitos(NA VERDADE HA MAIS RESPEITO DOS DIREITOS HUMANOS NOS E.U.A. DO QUE NA PROPRIA RUSSIA),pao de um tem que ser dividido para todos(NATURALMENTE ISSO IDENTIFICA A FORMA DA VIDA AFRICANA MUITO ANTES DO SUNDIATA KEYTA,OU AKHENATON)Estados Unidos e ma, e racista,a RUSSIA e bom e nao racista(OS E.U.A. E UM PAIS DO MUNDO QUE REPRESENTA IGUALIDADE,OPURTUNIDADE,MULTIC ULTURIDADE,PARA TODOS,MAIS QUE A PROPRIO, RUSSIA), copiaram da Mae Africa.
Hoje em dia depois de leer os livros dos legendarios autores,escritores ensaistas afros-americanos,africanos,e afros-descendentes cheguei numa simple conclusao,a conclusao essa:
SOU APENAS UM HOMEN,DE RAÇA NEGRA AFRICANO. FIEL AO NACIONALISMO NEGRO AFRICANO,ESTA E A MINHA FILOSOFIA DA VIDA,E ESTA E A MINHA FORMA DE AUTOIDENTIFICARSE.
Nao sou da Esquerda,direita,comunista,cap italista ou ecologista.Ecologismo começaou em Africa(R.I.P. Ken Saro Wiwa)
Os restos sao apenas jugos estrangeiros como o proprio Amilcar Cabral denunciou no nosso hino nacional----
Viva a pátria gloriosa!
Floriu nos céus a bandeira da luta.
Avante, contra o jugo estrangeiro!
Nós vamos construir
Na pátria immortal
A paz e o progresso!
Nós vamos construir
Na pátria imortal
fIdjus di Guine-bissau devemos organizar-nos independentemente das idiologias politicas,religiosas(FALANDO DA RELIGIAO,O DEUS E NEGRO,E SATANAS E BRANCO COM RAIZ EUROPEU).
Malam Bacai Sanha,por favor retire a todos os estudantes Guineenses da Russia,se nao vao ser exterminados por terroristas brancos.Por favor Malam Babe,PLEASE DEAR Mr. President this is serious.
PLEASE DO SOMETHING TO EVACUATE FOREIGNERS STUDENTS IN RUSSIA,70 STUDENTS HAD BEEN KILLED IN LAST 7 YEARS,JUST BY BEING AFRICANS,ASIANS, ETC....THATS A GENOCIDE,A GENOCIDE.
Please do something Mr President.
NAO SEJAS INDIFERENTES A ESTA NOTICIA,INVOLVE-SE DIVULGADO-LHAS.
OBRIGADO.
*AS MINHAS CONDOLENCIAS PARA AS FAMILIAS DOS ESTUDANTES ESTRANGEIROS ASSESSINADOS NA RUSSIA*
-----YOU ARE NOT ALONE---
Dj-Abu(Madrid-España)
Un estudiante universitario de Perú murió y otros dos, un peruano y un español resultaron heridos, víctimas de una agresión callejera en la ciudad rusa de Vorónezh, informó hoy el ministerio ruso del Interior
El ataque contra los estudiantes extranjeros ocurrió anoche en un complejo deportivo en una zona céntrica de Vorónezh, ciudad situada a 500 kilómetros al sur de Moscú, dijo un portavoz de la policía de Vorónezh a la agencia Interfax.
A consecuencia de las heridas recibidas, el ciudadano peruano Enrique Hurtado falleció en el hospital hoy, mientras que el también peruano Alejandro Lavaro Ayala y el español Mario Potiño Rodríguez están hospitalizados con pronóstico reservado, añadió el portavoz.
"Los extranjeros fueron agredidos por al menos quince personas motivadas por razones antisociales", subrayó el portavoz. "Los extranjeros fueron agredidos por al menos quince personas motivadas por razones antisociales", subrayó el portavoz.
En tanto, la emisora de radio "Eco de Moscú" informó de que las víctimas fueron agredidas por un grupo neonazi.
Los dos peruanos, de 18 años, eran estudiantes de las facultades de arquitectura y de medicina de la Universidad Estatal de Vorónezh, uno de los principales centros de educación superior de esa urbe rusa, en donde residen varios miles de extranjeros de casi todos los continentes.
El español, de 38 años, hacía prácticas en la facultad de filología de la Universidad de Vorónezh. El año pasado, los estudiantes extranjeros en Vorónezh protagonizaron una jornada de protestas por el asesinato de un estudiante de medicina de Guinea Bissau.
70 estudiantes extranjeros muertos
Los manifestantes denunciaron que en los últimos siete años han sido asesinados en Vorónezh 70 estudiantes extranjeros y que la Policía ha sido incapaz de encontrar a los culpables.
Según las organizaciones de derechos humanos, los extranjeros residentes en Rusia se han convertido últimamente en blanco de la agresión de agrupaciones extremistas, que centran sus ataques en los africanos y asiáticos.
Los ataques se producen habitualmente en grandes ciudades durante la conmemoración de fiestas patrióticas, acontecimientos deportivos y tras la comisión de atentados terroristas.
El pasado mes de septiembre, un universitario de 29 años, ciudadano del Congo, murió en el hospital a consecuencia de una agresión en una calle de San Petersburgo.
En febrero del año pasado un grupo de "cabezas rapadas" de San Petersburgo agredió a un familia tayika y mató a una niña de nueve años, tras apalear a su padre y a su primo de once.
En marzo, un estudiante sirio murió en la misma ciudad arrollado por un tren tras ser empujado a la vía férrea por fanáticos tras un partido de fútbol, y una estudiante vietnamita fue apuñalada por otros extremistas en la puerta de un albergue estudiantil. En la ciudad siberiana de Chita, dos adolescentes ebrios de 15 y 16 años asesinaron a puñaladas a un ciudadano chino.
FONTE:20Minutos.es internacional
DATA: 16-07-10
COMENTARIO:
Se o mundo livre e capaz de criticar:Racismos,Sexismos,Gen ocidios,Trafico Humanos.Criticamos Ao Israel Por a Injustiça Cometido Contra ao Povo Palestino,Criticamos Os E.U.A. Por mentir sobre esta falsa invasao ao Iraque,Criticamos a politica Ilegal da China Contra o Tibete, Porque e que nao podemos criticar o primeiro genocidio mundial contra estudantes?Peço a este mesmo denomindao mundo livre, uma seria reaçao quanto a situaçao dos estudantes estranjeiros na Russia,ISTO E CRIME,ISTO E O PRIMEIRO CAMPO DE CONCENTRAÇAO PARA EXTREMINAR TODOS OS ESTUDANTES ESTRANJEIROS NA RUSSIA,E COM TOTAL IMPUNIDADE.
Senhores e senhoras 70 Estudantes mortos en apenas 7 anos, Por serem nao brancos,ha mais testimunhos historicos da mesma barbaridades neste planeta?ISTO E SERIO .Senhor MALAM BAICAI SANHA,Sr.CADOGO ,Senhores deputados De Assambleia nacional Popular,Organizaçaoes da Naçaoes Unidas,C.E.D.E.A.,OUA etc etc ....
Por favor pensem seriamente numa evacuaçao emidiato dos estudantes estranjeiros na Russia antes que seja tarde.POR FAVOR IRMAOES GUINEENSES PASSEM ESTE MENSAGEM A TODO MUNDO QUE CONHEÇAS,E PEÇAM-LHES QUE O FAÇA A MESMA.
Quando eu era pequeno sentia muita atraiçao ao comunismo,Internatos para la,e para ca,bandeiras vermelhas,igualidade dos direitos(NA VERDADE HA MAIS RESPEITO DOS DIREITOS HUMANOS NOS E.U.A. DO QUE NA PROPRIA RUSSIA),pao de um tem que ser dividido para todos(NATURALMENTE ISSO IDENTIFICA A FORMA DA VIDA AFRICANA MUITO ANTES DO SUNDIATA KEYTA,OU AKHENATON)Estados Unidos e ma, e racista,a RUSSIA e bom e nao racista(OS E.U.A. E UM PAIS DO MUNDO QUE REPRESENTA IGUALIDADE,OPURTUNIDADE,MULTIC ULTURIDADE,PARA TODOS,MAIS QUE A PROPRIO, RUSSIA), copiaram da Mae Africa.
Hoje em dia depois de leer os livros dos legendarios autores,escritores ensaistas afros-americanos,africanos,e afros-descendentes cheguei numa simple conclusao,a conclusao essa:
SOU APENAS UM HOMEN,DE RAÇA NEGRA AFRICANO. FIEL AO NACIONALISMO NEGRO AFRICANO,ESTA E A MINHA FILOSOFIA DA VIDA,E ESTA E A MINHA FORMA DE AUTOIDENTIFICARSE.
Nao sou da Esquerda,direita,comunista,cap italista ou ecologista.Ecologismo começaou em Africa(R.I.P. Ken Saro Wiwa)
Os restos sao apenas jugos estrangeiros como o proprio Amilcar Cabral denunciou no nosso hino nacional----
Viva a pátria gloriosa!
Floriu nos céus a bandeira da luta.
Avante, contra o jugo estrangeiro!
Nós vamos construir
Na pátria immortal
A paz e o progresso!
Nós vamos construir
Na pátria imortal
fIdjus di Guine-bissau devemos organizar-nos independentemente das idiologias politicas,religiosas(FALANDO DA RELIGIAO,O DEUS E NEGRO,E SATANAS E BRANCO COM RAIZ EUROPEU).
Malam Bacai Sanha,por favor retire a todos os estudantes Guineenses da Russia,se nao vao ser exterminados por terroristas brancos.Por favor Malam Babe,PLEASE DEAR Mr. President this is serious.
PLEASE DO SOMETHING TO EVACUATE FOREIGNERS STUDENTS IN RUSSIA,70 STUDENTS HAD BEEN KILLED IN LAST 7 YEARS,JUST BY BEING AFRICANS,ASIANS, ETC....THATS A GENOCIDE,A GENOCIDE.
Please do something Mr President.
NAO SEJAS INDIFERENTES A ESTA NOTICIA,INVOLVE-SE DIVULGADO-LHAS.
OBRIGADO.
*AS MINHAS CONDOLENCIAS PARA AS FAMILIAS DOS ESTUDANTES ESTRANGEIROS ASSESSINADOS NA RUSSIA*
-----YOU ARE NOT ALONE---
Dj-Abu(Madrid-España)
martes, 15 de junio de 2010
South Africa2010(An African Pride)
SOUTH AFRICA 2010,SOUTH AFRICA 2010
(AN AFRICAN PRIDE)
FIRST OF ALL, I WANNA PERSONALLY THANKS ALL
THE MANS AND WOMANS WHO HAD BRAVELY
FIGHT AGAINST APARTHEID.(CONRATULATIONS SOUTH AFRICA,AND SOUTH AFRICANS).
THIS COUNTRY HAD INSPIRES ME SINCE I WAS A
YOUNG KID,AND PERHAPS IS THE MOST INSPIRED
AFRICAN NATION OF THIS CENTURE,FROM THE
BRUTUAL RULING RACIST ANTI-MIXED
RACE,TILL TODAY THE MOST
INFLUENTIAL POLITICIANS OF ALL TIME
FREE ELECTIONS. TILL BECOME TODAY A LAND OF
FREEDOMS BELLIEVERS,A CONCORDIA NATIONS,AN
AFRICAN RULE MODEL COUNTRY,A NATION WHERE
THE BEATING BLACK MAJORITY NEVER EVER BLAME
THE REST OF THE WORLD FOR CONTINOUSLY
SURFERING,A SINGLE COUNTRY EVER OPRESSED
PEOPLE CALLS TO OPPRESSOR TO APOLOGIZE FOR
THEY CRIME AGAINST HUMANITY,A COUNTRY
THAT ABANDONE THE NUCLEAR PROGRAMME BY
HIMSELF,A NATIONS WHERE A SINGLE MAN CAN
TRANFORMS HATE TO THE LOVE,SEPARATIONS TO
UNITED,A COUNTRY WHERE THE FREEDOM HAD
REACH ALL ,A COUNTRY WHO HAD ,AND ARE
DEALING WITH DIFFERENCE MORE THEM ANY
OTHER NATIONS ON HEART,A COUNTRY WHO HAD
TEACH ,INSPIRE AND KEEP TEACHING AND
INSPIRING
BILLIONS PEOPLE FROM ALL OVER THE
WORLD.
THIS NATIONS TODAY HAD HELD THE AFRICAN
CONTINENT FIRST WORLD CUP(CONGRATULATIONS
SOUTH AFRICA,CONGRATULATIONS SOUTH
AFRICANS)...
THANKS SOUTH AFRICA,THANKS HIS HONORABLE NELSON MANDELA,THANKS ALL THOSE PEOPLE WHO HAD INVOLVED DIRECTLY OR INDERECTLY IN FIGHT AGAINST APARTHEID.
*LETS PACKS OR BAGAGES AND GO TO SOUTH AFRICA 2010*
*FREE YOURSELF FROM ANY PREJUDICE AND VISIT SOUTH AFRICA...*
Dj-Abu
*i LOVE YOU SOUTH AFRICA,GOD BLESS SOUTH AFRICA*
*GOD BLESS AND PROTECTS EVERY AND SINGLE SOUTH AFRICANS 2010 VISITANTS*
...VAMOS TODOS PARA O MUNDIAL SOUTH AFRICA 2010. By:Dj-Abu
(AN AFRICAN PRIDE)
FIRST OF ALL, I WANNA PERSONALLY THANKS ALL
THE MANS AND WOMANS WHO HAD BRAVELY
FIGHT AGAINST APARTHEID.(CONRATULATIONS SOUTH AFRICA,AND SOUTH AFRICANS).
THIS COUNTRY HAD INSPIRES ME SINCE I WAS A
YOUNG KID,AND PERHAPS IS THE MOST INSPIRED
AFRICAN NATION OF THIS CENTURE,FROM THE
BRUTUAL RULING RACIST ANTI-MIXED
RACE
INFLUENTIAL POLITICIANS OF ALL TIME
FREE ELECTIONS. TILL BECOME TODAY A LAND OF
FREEDOMS BELLIEVERS,A CONCORDIA NATIONS,AN
AFRICAN RULE MODEL COUNTRY,A NATION WHERE
THE BEATING BLACK MAJORITY NEVER EVER BLAME
THE REST OF THE WORLD FOR CONTINOUSLY
SURFERING,A SINGLE COUNTRY EVER OPRESSED
PEOPLE CALLS TO OPPRESSOR TO APOLOGIZE FOR
THEY CRIME AGAINST HUMANITY,A COUNTRY
THAT ABANDONE THE NUCLEAR PROGRAMME BY
HIMSELF,A NATIONS WHERE A SINGLE MAN CAN
TRANFORMS HATE TO THE LOVE,SEPARATIONS TO
UNITED,A COUNTRY WHERE THE FREEDOM HAD
REACH ALL ,A COUNTRY WHO HAD ,AND ARE
DEALING WITH DIFFERENCE MORE THEM ANY
OTHER NATIONS ON HEART,A COUNTRY WHO HAD
TEACH ,INSPIRE AND KEEP TEACHING AND
INSPIRING
BILLIONS PEOPLE FROM ALL OVER THE
WORLD.
THIS NATIONS TODAY HAD HELD THE AFRICAN
CONTINENT FIRST WORLD CUP(CONGRATULATIONS
SOUTH AFRICA,CONGRATULATIONS SOUTH
AFRICANS)...
THANKS SOUTH AFRICA,THANKS HIS HONORABLE NELSON MANDELA,THANKS ALL THOSE PEOPLE WHO HAD INVOLVED DIRECTLY OR INDERECTLY IN FIGHT AGAINST APARTHEID.
*LETS PACKS OR BAGAGES AND GO TO SOUTH AFRICA 2010*
*FREE YOURSELF FROM ANY PREJUDICE AND VISIT SOUTH AFRICA...*
Dj-Abu
*i LOVE YOU SOUTH AFRICA,GOD BLESS SOUTH AFRICA*
*GOD BLESS AND PROTECTS EVERY AND SINGLE SOUTH AFRICANS 2010 VISITANTS*
...VAMOS TODOS PARA O MUNDIAL SOUTH AFRICA 2010.
domingo, 6 de junio de 2010
Para os Ameaçantes Dos Jornalistas...
Para:
Ameaçantes do jornalista Didinho, e a todos auqeles Jornalistas da Guiné-Bissau Que foram ameaçados Quando apenas faziam o seu trabalho.
Você que as tuas neuronas esta caregados de apalhaçadas utópias
Você de bariga podres de maldades
inveja,e um retrocido cerebro que vai mais para os tempos da escravitude
Com medo de livrar a tua mente escrava
Você escravo da liberdade
Burro por natureza
Sego, e Anti-Democratico
De Mente
Você de Pè
Escuta os mais amavéis dos conselhos que tenho para ti :
Didinho,Joao De Barros,lalau,etc.. etc..( e todos jornalistas ameaçados da Guiné-Bissau)
Sao Homens e mulheres que corajosamente,professionalment e,e incasávelmente fazem o seu trabalho: UM VERDADEIRO JORNALISMO.(DAR A VóZES AOS SEM VózES).
Vocês Cobardes,alérgicos di
Parazitas e vergonha da sociedade Guineense
Faça-nos um grande favor,especialmente para ti mesmo..
E Por favor Inclua-me tambèm na lista dos teus ameaçados..
...PENSAR NOS MELHORES JORNALISTAS DO MUNDO,é INCLUIR OS HOMENS E MULHERES JORNALISTAS DA GUINÉ-BISSAU...
VIVA OS JORNALISTAS,OS BLOGUEIROS ETC ...DA NOSSA TÉRRA R.G.B.
AOS FAMILIARES DAS MESMAS VOS DESEJO MUITA SAUDE,E LONGA VIDA(ESTES JORNALISTAS DE HOJE,FAMILIA VOSSAS SAO FLORES DA LUTA DO CABRAL.E AMEAÇADOS OU NAO.NUNCA ESTARAO SOZINHOS.
Com Mucho Amor
Madrid-España(Dj-Abu)
Ameaçantes do jornalista Didinho, e a todos auqeles Jornalistas da Guiné-Bissau Que foram ameaçados Quando apenas faziam o seu trabalho.
Você que as tuas neuronas esta caregados de apalhaçadas utópias
Você de bariga podres de maldades
inveja,e um retrocido cerebro que vai mais para os tempos da escravitude
Com medo de livrar a tua mente escrava
Você escravo da liberdade
Burro por natureza
Sego, e Anti-Democratico
De Mente
Você de Pè
Escuta os mais amavéis dos conselhos que tenho para ti :
Didinho,Joao De Barros,lalau,etc.. etc..( e todos jornalistas ameaçados da Guiné-Bissau)
Sao Homens e mulheres que corajosamente,professionalment e,e incasávelmente fazem o seu trabalho: UM VERDADEIRO JORNALISMO.(DAR A VóZES AOS SEM VózES).
Vocês Cobardes,alérgicos di
Parazitas e vergonha da sociedade Guineense
Faça-nos um grande favor,especialmente para ti mesmo.
E Por favor Inclua-me tambèm na lista dos teus ameaçados.
...PENSAR NOS MELHORES JORNALISTAS DO MUNDO,é INCLUIR OS HOMENS E MULHERES JORNALISTAS DA GUINÉ-BISSAU...
VIVA OS JORNALISTAS,OS BLOGUEIROS ETC ...DA NOSSA TÉRRA R.G.B.
AOS FAMILIARES DAS MESMAS VOS DESEJO MUITA SAUDE,E LONGA VIDA(ESTES JORNALISTAS DE HOJE,FAMILIA VOSSAS SAO FLORES DA LUTA DO CABRAL.E AMEAÇADOS OU NAO.NUNCA ESTARAO SOZINHOS.
Com Mucho Amor
Madrid-España(Dj-Abu)
martes, 1 de junio de 2010
Africa 50 anos das Independencias Pt.1
-Did They allready pay ours souls reparations?-
Um pouco por tudo mundo em especial no continente africano,O povo se encontra embrulhado numas das mais especiais,ou mais
Criminosos,Racistas,Mentirosos,ladroes,Chamados Colonizadores(Cobardes,e Sobretudo grande
Honra,e gloria aos pais e as maes das Africas, como:Ami
lcar Cabral,Seku Vaz,Titina Sila,Nkanhi NanTungué,Pansau Na Isna,Osvaldo Vieira,Pedro Pires.Etc(Guinea-Bissau E Cabo-Verde),Nelson Mandela,Winnie Mandela,Steve Biko,Walter Sisulu,Desmon Tutu,Albert Luthuli,Tokyo sexwale,Precious McCanzie,Sool Plaatje,Athol Fugard,etc(South Africa),Daniel Nyamayaro Madzimbamuto,Joshua Mqabuko Nyongolo Nkomo ,Josiah Tongogara ,RoBert Mugabe,etc(Zimbabue), Fuad I (Ahmed Fuad Pasha)
Gamal Abdel Nasser , Colonel Ahmed Orabi
Mustafa Kamel, Mohamed Anwar El-Sadat (Egipto)Kwame Nkrumah ,President Kufuor,Emmanuel Kwasi Kotoka (Ghana),Patrice Lumumba etc...(Congo),Dedan Kimathi,Jomo Keniata etc...(kenia),Bembeia,etc etc etc.. E mais pessoas que directamente ou inderectamente contribuiram para as Independecias africanas.
Nisso nao podemos esquecer:CUBA(Homens e mulheres do ejercito cubano que deram as suas vidas pela caussa justa da natureza humana
(INDEPENDENCIA)
Fidel Castro,Ernesto Che Guevara(La lucha continua hasta la victoria final)VIVA LA REVOLUCION CUBANA.
´ Kinki i dé pá ibá rébénta.
2010 centenário da criaçao do partido independente Negra da Cuba,e 125 aniversario da conferencia do berlim onde ilegalmente a europa dos brancos,ilegamente repartiram a africa,e também este ano marca os 20 anos do fim do aprtheid em Africa Do Sul.
Cá em España o Poeta negro cubano: Rigorberto Cairo Illas
De que lado etas tu
Voce que me expulsa da españa
Cuja a pátria,terra e sangue
é a parte da minha
por Mais Que a cor do meu pele escuro
esta longe das suas neuronas
De osfalto policial
Nota:esta e a primeira estrofe da poesia do Autor,Poeta,escritor e activista negro cubano(Rigoberto Cairo)suscitou no seu livro:Uhuru,Rap por la Reparacion Africana.
Companheiro do trabalho amigo para sempre,activista dos direitos humanos por natureza e excelencia.
Este jovem talentoso Cubano Cobatente incansavel por a justiça mundial.Lhe Desejo muitas sortes,sucessos,e longa vida.
Para a, Africa,como africano homosapiens que as vezes questiona se tambem alguem(os poderosos lhes respectam por ser umas destas 6,824,500,000 que habitam neste planeta as vezes do prazer,vida,e constantes abismos,e holocaustos raciais sempre orquestrados pelos brancos SEMPRE,SIEPRE,TUDU HORA,ALLWAYS.)me pergunto o seguiente: Did they allready pay reparations in ours souls?
Enquanto espreo a resposta,desejo muitas feliciadaes a continete africano.
VIVA A AFRICA,VIVA A AFRICA,VIVA A AFRICA
Nha mantehas(dj-Abu,Madrid-Spain)
martes, 25 de mayo de 2010
25 de Maio Dia de Africa
25 de Maio Dia De Africa
Vivo em Madrid capital de España(europa,para ser exacto)aproveito esta opurtunidade para convidar a todos Guineenses,Africanos,e diapóras negras:afros-Colombianos,afros -Cubanos,Afros-Canadianos,afro s-Argentinos,Afros-mexicanos,A fros-Senegalese(se estes último ainda ou se alguma véz pensam em independizarem da frança(conclusao que deixo para os psicologos e analistas das causas PELES NEGRAS E MASCARAS BRANCAS.)
Entodocaso um pouco por toda capital da España haverá debates,conferencias e projecçao dos filmes africanos(incluindo o nosso famoso Mortu Néga-Do Popular Realizador guineense Flóra Gomes).Em Comemoraçao dos 50 aniversário das independencias africanas.Hoje por manha estive presente no *Circulo De Bellas Artes*Onde a mesma tive como participantes,os seguintes intelectuais e politicos ou homens das artes africanos como:Achille Mbembe(Camerao),Cornelio Caley(Angola),Ismail Khalef(Mauritania),Makhily Gassama(Senegal),Binyavanga Wainaina(kenia).Foi interessante debate,coisa que penso amplificar,ou melhor dizer resumir o ocurrido e também a minha própria intervençao mesma.(No meu Blog,e no espaço do comentário e - Nó Djunta Món-).
POR ISSO CONVIDO A TODOS GUINNENSES OU PESSOAS LIGADOS A ESTE SITE,PROJECTO CONTRIBUITO,CAUSSAS AFRICANAS,ETC ETC.. A PARTICIPAREN NESTES EVENTOS.
O mesmo terminará no sabado 29 de Maio con um grande Concerto ao vivo ( E Grátis)dos grandes artistas africanos como:Salif Keita,Alpha Blondy,Konono Nª1,Don Bigg,Da Brains,Njaaya,Sidy Samr,Dj Africa Dance Set.
TODO MUNDO ESTA CONVIDADO A PARTICIPAR
(se querem saber mais sobre o mesmo evento busquenlo no meu bloque:
http://fidjusdiguine-bissau.bl ogspot.com
ou No Google.
TEMOS QUE INDEPENDIZAR A áFRICA DESTA CRóNICa DOENÇA CHAMADO:..................?
Ajudas Humanitárias ONG`s(Que hoje rouba mais do ajuda,ganha mais do que dá),A Constante ataque da presença ocidental(Que mostra africa como:menores de idade que precisam da tutela do homem branco,todos pobres nescessita da ajuda WHITE-WESTERNS(Abaixo a ete tipo de imagens esteriotipos africanos)....
FOGO E INFIERNO A TODOS ANTI-AFRICANOS.
Para Terminar(Temos que honrar todos os pais da independencias africanos:Kwamen Nrumah(Ghana),Amilcar Cabral(Guiné-Bissau e Cabo-Verde),Sekou Túré(Guié-Conakry),Steve Biko,Nelson Mandela,Albert Luthuli,Winnie Mandela,(South Africa)Abdul Nasser(Egipto),Haile Sellasei I(Etiopia),Rei Idrid De Libya(Lybia),Jomo Keniata(kenya),Agostimho Neto(Angola),Eduardo Mondlane(Moçambique),etc etc...
A suas memórias estarao sempre presentes em toda africa(Thanks father/Mothers).
Dj-Abu(Madrid-Sp
Vivo em Madrid capital de España(europa,para ser exacto)aproveito esta opurtunidade para convidar a todos Guineenses,Africanos,e diapóras negras:afros-Colombianos,afros -Cubanos,Afros-Canadianos,afro s-Argentinos,Afros-mexicanos,A fros-Senegalese(se estes último ainda ou se alguma véz pensam em independizarem da frança(conclusao que deixo para os psicologos e analistas das causas PELES NEGRAS E MASCARAS BRANCAS.)
Entodocaso um pouco por toda capital da España haverá debates,conferencias e projecçao dos filmes africanos(incluindo o nosso famoso Mortu Néga-Do Popular Realizador guineense Flóra Gomes).Em Comemoraçao dos 50 aniversário das independencias africanas.Hoje por manha estive presente no *Circulo De Bellas Artes*Onde a mesma tive como participantes,os seguintes intelectuais e politicos ou homens das artes africanos como:Achille Mbembe(Camerao),Cornelio Caley(Angola),Ismail Khalef(Mauritania),Makhily Gassama(Senegal),Binyavanga Wainaina(kenia).Foi interessante debate,coisa que penso amplificar,ou melhor dizer resumir o ocurrido e também a minha própria intervençao mesma.(No meu Blog,e no espaço do comentário e - Nó Djunta Món-).
POR ISSO CONVIDO A TODOS GUINNENSES OU PESSOAS LIGADOS A ESTE SITE,PROJECTO CONTRIBUITO,CAUSSAS AFRICANAS,ETC ETC.. A PARTICIPAREN NESTES EVENTOS.
O mesmo terminará no sabado 29 de Maio con um grande Concerto ao vivo ( E Grátis)dos grandes artistas africanos como:Salif Keita,Alpha Blondy,Konono Nª1,Don Bigg,Da Brains,Njaaya,Sidy Samr,Dj Africa Dance Set.
TODO MUNDO ESTA CONVIDADO A PARTICIPAR
(se querem saber mais sobre o mesmo evento busquenlo no meu bloque:
http://fidjusdiguine-bissau.bl ogspot.com
ou No Google.
TEMOS QUE INDEPENDIZAR A áFRICA DESTA CRóNICa DOENÇA CHAMADO:..................?
Ajudas Humanitárias ONG`s(Que hoje rouba mais do ajuda,ganha mais do que dá),A Constante ataque da presença ocidental(Que mostra africa como:menores de idade que precisam da tutela do homem branco,todos pobres nescessita da ajuda WHITE-WESTERNS(Abaixo a ete tipo de imagens esteriotipos africanos)....
FOGO E INFIERNO A TODOS ANTI-AFRICANOS.
Para Terminar(Temos que honrar todos os pais da independencias africanos:Kwamen Nrumah(Ghana),Amilcar Cabral(Guiné-Bissau e Cabo-Verde),Sekou Túré(Guié-Conakry),Steve Biko,Nelson Mandela,Albert Luthuli,Winnie Mandela,(South Africa)Abdul Nasser(Egipto),Haile Sellasei I(Etiopia),Rei Idrid De Libya(Lybia),Jomo Keniata(kenya),Agostimho Neto(Angola),Eduardo Mondlane(Moçambique),etc etc...
A suas memórias estarao sempre presentes em toda africa(Thanks father/Mothers).
Dj-Abu(Madrid-Sp
viernes, 21 de mayo de 2010
Sou Fiel Ao Idealismo Humanitario Socialista(Sou Un Pedaço de Cuba)
Para Mim Alfredo Sonda(Dj-Abu)guineense,a Cuba/Cubanos sempre foi uma fonte de inspiraçao em si mesmo como pais e como povo(Por ser um pais,e um povo que claramente mostrou um mundo humano posivel sem que as grandes empresas multinacionais sejam os esclavistas das nossas vidas).Atitude humanista que levou a cuba a serem alvos de muitas difamaçoes Americanas e dos seus socios cocidentais.Por isso sentimo ofendido sempre que haja uma ataque politico mediatico contra aquele pais ilha que nos momentos mais dificeles da vida do povo da guine-bissau e de Cabo-Verde estiveram e saberam estar ao alcane nosso(Para nos ajudar),e todo pais que alguma vez bateu a sua porta em busca das ajudas.No qual reafirmo aqui o meu idealismo ao social humano do comunismo.
*SOLIDARIZO COM CUBA E COM TODOS OS CUBANOS*
(E EXIJO O PRESIDENTE BARACK OBAMA A LIBERAÇAO EMEDIATA E INCONDICIONAL DOS CINCOS CUBANOS DETIDOS INJUSTAMENTE NOS EUA)
Obrigado a cuba pela a sua ajuda incansavél na luta armada da libertaçao nacional da nossa patria.
NDJARAMA CUBA.
DJ-Abu
*SOLIDARIZO COM CUBA E COM TODOS OS CUBANOS*
(E EXIJO O PRESIDENTE BARACK OBAMA A LIBERAÇAO EMEDIATA E INCONDICIONAL DOS CINCOS CUBANOS DETIDOS INJUSTAMENTE NOS EUA)
Obrigado a cuba pela a sua ajuda incansavél na luta armada da libertaçao nacional da nossa patria.
NDJARAMA CUBA.
DJ-Abu
lunes, 5 de abril de 2010
Top 10 Books About Africa
Top Ten Best Books about Africa
about Africa
Posted by Geoff on 11.07.2008 at 11:40 am
The following list is 10 of the best books written in recent history about Africa. These titles were chosen based on their ability to give insight and tell a powerful story about what life is like on the African continent.
(N.B. click on the images to go to the product page at betterworld.com):
10. A Long Way Gone (Sierra Leone)
9. Unbowed (Kenya)
8. Ake: The Years of Childhood (Nigeria)
7. What is the What (Sudan)
6. Don’t Let’s Go to the Dogs Tonight (Zimbabwe)
5. King Leopold’s Ghost (Congo)
4. We wish to inform you that tomorrow we will be killed with our families (Rwanda)
3. Cry Beloved Country (South Africa)
2. Things Fall Apart (Nigeria)
1. Long Walk to Freedom (South Africa)
The empirical process – there was a rigorous selection process that I went through to arrive at this top ten which included moving to South Africa for a year and a half and reading a lot. What would you add?
Honorable mention:
Unheard, Heart of Darkness, The Power of One, I Write What I Like, Country of My Skull, Spud
[Bonus: If you're more interested in traditional storytelling in Africa, rather than these great stories about Africa, read My Life in the Bush of Ghosts (the book from which David Byrne and Brian Eno got the name of their first record). It's amazing.]
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4 Comments » | Tagged Book Lists, africa, Dave Eggers, Nelson Mandela, Top 10 Books, what is the what
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1. Heidi Otto - November 10, 2008
Excellent choices! With a shared passion for African stories, I have a couple of others on my top 10 list as well:
Infidel by Ayaan Hirsi Ali. A great look into Somalia, Kenya and Saudi Arabia.
The Leopard Only Hunts in Darkness by by Wilbur Smith (fiction). A adventure in the 70’s through the heart of Zimbabwe.
2. Geoff - November 11, 2008
Thanks Heidi – since the post, a few others have emailed with their favorites.
These are:
When a Crocodile Eats the Sun (Zimbabwe)
Poisonwood Bible (Congo)
A Bend in the River (Congo)
A Primate’s Memoir (Kenya)
The Caliph’s House (Morocco)
Dark Star Safari
My Traitor’s Heart (South Africa)
Patrice Lumumba: Africa’s Lost Leader (Congo)
The Coup
The White Nile
3. Helga Schwarten - November 17, 2008
Thanks Geoff, it is an amazing list of books….I feel the sudden urge, and great need, to read more. It is an inspiration.
By the way, Dave Eggers, author of “What is the What”, was a high school classmate of Courtney’s.
4. Devon - December 30, 2009
Emma’s War, by Deborah Scroggins.
Message
about Africa
Posted by Geoff on 11.07.2008 at 11:40 am
The following list is 10 of the best books written in recent history about Africa. These titles were chosen based on their ability to give insight and tell a powerful story about what life is like on the African continent.
(N.B. click on the images to go to the product page at betterworld.com):
10. A Long Way Gone (Sierra Leone)
9. Unbowed (Kenya)
8. Ake: The Years of Childhood (Nigeria)
7. What is the What (Sudan)
6. Don’t Let’s Go to the Dogs Tonight (Zimbabwe)
5. King Leopold’s Ghost (Congo)
4. We wish to inform you that tomorrow we will be killed with our families (Rwanda)
3. Cry Beloved Country (South Africa)
2. Things Fall Apart (Nigeria)
1. Long Walk to Freedom (South Africa)
The empirical process – there was a rigorous selection process that I went through to arrive at this top ten which included moving to South Africa for a year and a half and reading a lot. What would you add?
Honorable mention:
Unheard, Heart of Darkness, The Power of One, I Write What I Like, Country of My Skull, Spud
[Bonus: If you're more interested in traditional storytelling in Africa, rather than these great stories about Africa, read My Life in the Bush of Ghosts (the book from which David Byrne and Brian Eno got the name of their first record). It's amazing.]
ShareThis
4 Comments » | Tagged Book Lists, africa, Dave Eggers, Nelson Mandela, Top 10 Books, what is the what
Leave a Comment »
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1. Heidi Otto - November 10, 2008
Excellent choices! With a shared passion for African stories, I have a couple of others on my top 10 list as well:
Infidel by Ayaan Hirsi Ali. A great look into Somalia, Kenya and Saudi Arabia.
The Leopard Only Hunts in Darkness by by Wilbur Smith (fiction). A adventure in the 70’s through the heart of Zimbabwe.
2. Geoff - November 11, 2008
Thanks Heidi – since the post, a few others have emailed with their favorites.
These are:
When a Crocodile Eats the Sun (Zimbabwe)
Poisonwood Bible (Congo)
A Bend in the River (Congo)
A Primate’s Memoir (Kenya)
The Caliph’s House (Morocco)
Dark Star Safari
My Traitor’s Heart (South Africa)
Patrice Lumumba: Africa’s Lost Leader (Congo)
The Coup
The White Nile
3. Helga Schwarten - November 17, 2008
Thanks Geoff, it is an amazing list of books….I feel the sudden urge, and great need, to read more. It is an inspiration.
By the way, Dave Eggers, author of “What is the What”, was a high school classmate of Courtney’s.
4. Devon - December 30, 2009
Emma’s War, by Deborah Scroggins.
Message
Africas 100best books of the 20th centure
Africa's 100 Best Books of the 20th Century
An initiative of the Zimbabwe International Book Fair
View a copy of the final list.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Over the last hundred years African writers have written of their lives, experiences, culture, history and myth; they have written in diverse forms, styles and in many languages. They have been published widely on the African continent, in Europe, the Americas and Asia. They have written in English, French, Portuguese, Arabic, Swahili, and in many other indigenous languages. And they have written with extraordinary originality, flair and great integrity. Nonetheless their work as a corpus deriving from the African continent remains largely unknown and uncelebrated.
To mark the beginning of the 21st century, and encouraged by Professor Ali Mazrui, the Zimbabwe International Book Fair launched the international compilation of "Africa's 100 Best Books." This project was organized in collaboration with the African Publishers Network (APNET), the Pan-African Booksellers Association (PABA), African writers' associations, book development councils, and library associations.
Nominations were sought throughout the African continent and internationally. A comprehensive list of all nominations was published at the ZIBF in August 2001 and during the course of the following year regional panels compiled their own short lists of 100 best books. Closing date for nominations was 30 September 2001.
A jury made the final decision from the short list and the final list of "Africa's 100 Best Books" was announced on February 18, 2002.
See: a copy of the list below.
This allowed ample time for those involved (authors of nominated books and their publishers) to prepare for participation in ZIBF2002. From August 3rd to the 10th in 2002, the fair participants celebrated the authors and publishers on the final list.
Objectives
The aim of this endeavour is:
- to celebrate the achievements of African writers over the last century
- to stimulate debate, discussion, reading, criticism and analysis of African writing
- to foster the publication and development of new titles and those that are currently out of print
- to encourage translation of different texts
- to promote the sale and exchange of books continent-wide and throughout the world
- and above all to increase awareness and knowledge of books and writing by African authors.
Definition of an African
Only books written by Africans are eligible. After extensive discussion and debate the ZIBF has for the purpose of this project identified an African as: 'someone either born in Africa or who became a citizen of an African country.' This definition incorporates those African writers who have moved from their countries of birth to other continents. The issue of authors who are not by this definition deemed African but who consider themselves such or those who have made a notable contribution to African scholarship and literature will be addressed on their merit should their books be nominated.
Criteria for nomination of a book
Nominations were made on the basis that the book has had a powerful, important or affecting influence on the nominator, as an individual, or on society.
What you can do?
* Use this project to generate discussion among your colleagues and friends, with your teachers or students, and in the media.
* Use it as a basis for having African writers in your own cities and countries interviewed, or given a platform to speak and to debate their own work.
* Use it as a positive vehicle for analysis, serious criticism, debate and scholarship.
* Use it as an excuse to buy or loan books and to extend the breadth of your knowledge and understanding of the great wealth of fiction and non-fiction written by Africans about their lives and societies.
* Photocopy, translate, circulate and encourage people to seriously complete the nomination forms. Every serious nomination will lend weight and substance to the list; every book that has made an impact on an individual or on society is worthy of note.
***Africa Book Centre -- Order Catalogue of Best Book Award Winners (Brighton, UK)
-- Commercial site
Please address all queries and ideas directly to:
Zimbabwe International Book Fair Association
P. O. Box CY1179
Causeway
Harare
Zimbabwe
Fax: 263 4 702129
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Africa 100 Best Books of the 20th Century--Final List
Arranged in the tables below is a copy of the final list of 100 titles announced by the panel of judges in Accra, Ghana, 18 February 2002.
The jury selected books in 3 main categories:
-- Literature for Children
-- Creative Writing
-- Scholarship/non-fiction
In the table below, ** indicates a top twelve title.
Literature for children
Asare, Meshack Ghana **Sosu's Call Sub-Saharan Publishers
Al-Homi, Hayam Abbas Egypt Adventures of a Breath Atfalna
Mungoshi, Charles Zimbabwe Stories from a Shona Childhood Baobab Books
Tadjo, Veronique Côte d'Ivoire Mamy Wata et le monstre Nouvelles éditions ivoriennes
Creative writing
Abnudi, `Abd al-Rahman Egypt al-Mawt `ala al-asfalt Atlas
Achebe, Chinua Nigeria Arrow of God Heinemann
Achebe, Chinua Nigeria **Things Fall Apart Heinemann
Aidoo, Ama Ata Ghana Anowa Longman
Almeida, Germano Cape Verde O testamento do Sr. Napumoceno da Silva Araújo Ed. Caminho
Armah, Ayi Kwei Ghana The Beautyful Ones Are Not Yet Born Heinemann
Bâ, Amadou Hampâté Mali L'étrange destin de Wangrin Union générale d'éditions
Bâ, Mariama Senegal **Une si longue lettre Nouvelles éditions africaines
Ben Jelloun, Tahar Morocco La nuit sacrée Seuil
Beti, Mongo Cameroon Le pauvre Christ de Bomba Présence africaine
Brink, André South Africa A Dry White Season Penguin
Bugul, Ken Senegal Riwan, ou le chemin de sable Présence africaine
Cheney-Choker, Syl Sierra Leone The Last Harmattan of Alusine Dunbar Heinemann
Chraibi, Driss Morocco Le passé simple Gallimard
Coetzee, J.M. South Africa Life and Times of
Michael K Secker & Warburg
Couto, Mia Mozambique **Terra sonâmbula Ed. Caminho
Craveirinha, José Mozambique Karingana ua Karingana Academica
Dadié, Bernard Côte d'Ivoire Climbié Editions Segiers
Dangarembga, Tsitsi Zimbabwe **Nervous Conditions Women's Press
Dib, Mohammed Algeria Algérie, La grande maison, L'incendie, Le métier à tisser Le Seuil
Diop, Birago Senegal Les contes d'Amadou Koumba Présence africaine
Diop, Boubacar Boris Senegal Murambi ou le livre des ossements Stock
Djebar, Assia Algeria **L'amour, la fantasia J.C. Lattes
Emecheta, Buchi Nigeria The Joys of Motherhood Alison and Busby
Fagunwa,
Daniel O. Nigeria Ogboju ode ninu igbo irunmale Nelson
Farah, Nuruddin Somalia Maps Pan Books
Fugard, Athol South Africa The Blood Knot Simondium Publishers
Ghitani, Jamal al- Egypt Zayni Barakat GEBO
Gordimer, Nadine South Africa Burgher's Daughter Jonathan Cape
Head, Bessie South Africa A Question of Power Heinemann
Honwana, Bernardo Mozambique Nos matamos o cão tinhoso Academica
Hove, Chenjerai Zimbabwe Bones Baobab Books
Isegawa, Moses Uganda Abessijnse Kronieken Uigeverij De
Bezige Bij
Jordan, Archibald Campbell South Africa Ingqumbo yeminyanya Lovedale Press
Joubert, Elsa South Africa Die Swerdjare van Poppie Nongena Tafelberg
Kane, Cheikh Hamidou Senegal L'aventure ambiguë Editions Juillard
Khosa, Ungulani Ba Ka Mozambique Ualalapi AEMO
Kourouma, Ahmadou Côte d'Ivoire Les soleils des indépendances Le Seuil
Laye, Camara Guinea L'enfant noir Plon
Magona, Sindiwe South Africa Living, Loving and Lying Awake at Night David Philip Publishers
Mahfouz, Naguib Egypt **The Cairo Trilogy Maktabet Misr
Marechera, Dambudzo Zimbabwe House of Hunger Heinemann
Mofolo, Thomas Lesotho **Chaka Morija Sesuto Book Depot
Monenembo, Tierno Guinea Un attieké pour Elgass Le Seuil
Mutwa, Vusamazulu Credo South Africa Indaba, My Children Blue Crane Books
Ngugi wa Thiong'o Kenya Caitaani Mutharaba-ini Heinemann
Ngugi wa Thiong'o Kenya **A Grain of Wheat Heinemann
Niane, Djibril Tamsir Senegal Soundjata ou l'épopée mandingue Présence africaine
Nyembezi, Sibusiso South Africa Inkinnsela yaseMgungundlovu Shuter and Shooter
Okigbo, Christopher Nigeria Labyrinths Heinemann
Okri, Ben Nigeria The Famished Road Spectrum Books
Oyono, Ferdinand Cameroon Le vieux nègre et la médaille Editions Juillard
P'Bitek, Okot Uganda Song of Lawino Heinemann
Pepetela Angola A geração da utopia Dom Quixote
Saadawi, Nawal El Egypt Woman at Point Zero Zed Books
Salih El Tayyib Sudan Season of Migration to the North Heinemann
Sassine, Williams Guinea Le jeune homme de sable Présence africaine
Sembene, Ousmane Senegal Les bouts de bois de Dieu Le livre contemporain
Senghor, Léopold Sédar Senegal **Ouevre poétique Le Seuil
Serote, Mongane South Africa Third World Express David Philip Publishers
Shabaan,
Robert Bin Tanzania Utenzi wa vita vya uhuru East African Literature Bureau
Sony Labou Tansi Congo La vie et demie Seuil
Sow Fall, Aminata Senegal La grève des battus Nouvelles éditions africaines
Soyinka, Wole Nigeria Death and the King's Horsemen Spectrum
Tchicaya U Tam'si Congo Le mauvais sang - feu de brousse - à trisse-coeur P.J. Swald
Tutuola, Amos Nigeria The Palm-wine Drinkard Faber
Vera, Yvonne Zimbabwe Butterfly Burning Baobab Books
Vieira, José Luandino Angola Nós os do Makulusu [União dos Escritores Angolanos]
Vilakazi, B.W. South Africa Amal'eZulu Witwatersrand University Press
Yacine, Kateb Algeria Nedjma Le Seuil
Scholarship/non-fiction
Amin, Samir Egypt Accumulation on a World Scale Monthly Review Press
Amadiume, Ifi Nigeria Male Daughters, Female Husbands Zed Books
Andrade,
Mario de Angola Os nacionalismos africanos Sa da Costa
Appiah, Anthony Ghana In My Father's House Oxford University Press
Cabral, Amilcar Guinea-Bissau Unity and Struggle Monthly Review Press
Chimera, Rocha Kenya Kiswahili, past, present and future horizons Nairobi University Press
Diop, Cheikh Anta Senegal **Antériorité des civilisations nègres Présence africaine
Doorkenoo, Efua Ghana Cutting the Rose Minority Rights Group
Hayford, J.E. Casely Ghana Ethiopia Unbound Cass
Hountondji, Paulin Benin Sur la philosophie africaine François Maspero
Johnson, Samuel Nigeria The History of the Yorubas G. Routledge & Sons
Kenyatta, Jomo Kenya Facing Mount Kenya Secker & Warburg
Ki-Zerbo, Joseph Burkina Faso Histoire de l'Afrique noire Hatier
Krog, Antjie South Africa Country of My Skull Jonathan Cape
Mama, Amina Nigeria Beyond the Mask, Race, Gender and Identity Routledge
Mamdani, Mahmood Uganda Citizen and Subject James Currey Publishers
Mandela, Nelson South Africa Long Walk to Freedom Little Brown
Marais, Eugene South Africa Die Siel van die Mier J.L. van Schaik
Memmi, Albert Tunisia Portrait du colonisé suivi de portrait du colonisateur L'Etincelle
Mondlane, Eduardo Mozambique The Struggle for Mozambique Penguin
Mphahlele, Ezekiel South Africa Down Second Avenue Faber & Faber
Mudimbe, V.Y. Dem. Rep. of Congo The Invention of Africa Indiana University Press
Nkrumah, Kwame Ghana Ghana: The Autobiography of Kwame Nkrumah Nelson
Plaatje, Sol South Africa Native Life in South Africa P.S. King
Soyinka, Wole Nigeria **Ake: The Years of Childhood Rex Collings
Van Onselen, Charles South Africa The Seed is Mine David Philip Publishers
An initiative of the Zimbabwe International Book Fair
View a copy of the final list.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Over the last hundred years African writers have written of their lives, experiences, culture, history and myth; they have written in diverse forms, styles and in many languages. They have been published widely on the African continent, in Europe, the Americas and Asia. They have written in English, French, Portuguese, Arabic, Swahili, and in many other indigenous languages. And they have written with extraordinary originality, flair and great integrity. Nonetheless their work as a corpus deriving from the African continent remains largely unknown and uncelebrated.
To mark the beginning of the 21st century, and encouraged by Professor Ali Mazrui, the Zimbabwe International Book Fair launched the international compilation of "Africa's 100 Best Books." This project was organized in collaboration with the African Publishers Network (APNET), the Pan-African Booksellers Association (PABA), African writers' associations, book development councils, and library associations.
Nominations were sought throughout the African continent and internationally. A comprehensive list of all nominations was published at the ZIBF in August 2001 and during the course of the following year regional panels compiled their own short lists of 100 best books. Closing date for nominations was 30 September 2001.
A jury made the final decision from the short list and the final list of "Africa's 100 Best Books" was announced on February 18, 2002.
See: a copy of the list below.
This allowed ample time for those involved (authors of nominated books and their publishers) to prepare for participation in ZIBF2002. From August 3rd to the 10th in 2002, the fair participants celebrated the authors and publishers on the final list.
Objectives
The aim of this endeavour is:
- to celebrate the achievements of African writers over the last century
- to stimulate debate, discussion, reading, criticism and analysis of African writing
- to foster the publication and development of new titles and those that are currently out of print
- to encourage translation of different texts
- to promote the sale and exchange of books continent-wide and throughout the world
- and above all to increase awareness and knowledge of books and writing by African authors.
Definition of an African
Only books written by Africans are eligible. After extensive discussion and debate the ZIBF has for the purpose of this project identified an African as: 'someone either born in Africa or who became a citizen of an African country.' This definition incorporates those African writers who have moved from their countries of birth to other continents. The issue of authors who are not by this definition deemed African but who consider themselves such or those who have made a notable contribution to African scholarship and literature will be addressed on their merit should their books be nominated.
Criteria for nomination of a book
Nominations were made on the basis that the book has had a powerful, important or affecting influence on the nominator, as an individual, or on society.
What you can do?
* Use this project to generate discussion among your colleagues and friends, with your teachers or students, and in the media.
* Use it as a basis for having African writers in your own cities and countries interviewed, or given a platform to speak and to debate their own work.
* Use it as a positive vehicle for analysis, serious criticism, debate and scholarship.
* Use it as an excuse to buy or loan books and to extend the breadth of your knowledge and understanding of the great wealth of fiction and non-fiction written by Africans about their lives and societies.
* Photocopy, translate, circulate and encourage people to seriously complete the nomination forms. Every serious nomination will lend weight and substance to the list; every book that has made an impact on an individual or on society is worthy of note.
***Africa Book Centre -- Order Catalogue of Best Book Award Winners (Brighton, UK)
-- Commercial site
Please address all queries and ideas directly to:
Zimbabwe International Book Fair Association
P. O. Box CY1179
Causeway
Harare
Zimbabwe
Fax: 263 4 702129
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Africa 100 Best Books of the 20th Century--Final List
Arranged in the tables below is a copy of the final list of 100 titles announced by the panel of judges in Accra, Ghana, 18 February 2002.
The jury selected books in 3 main categories:
-- Literature for Children
-- Creative Writing
-- Scholarship/non-fiction
In the table below, ** indicates a top twelve title.
Literature for children
Asare, Meshack Ghana **Sosu's Call Sub-Saharan Publishers
Al-Homi, Hayam Abbas Egypt Adventures of a Breath Atfalna
Mungoshi, Charles Zimbabwe Stories from a Shona Childhood Baobab Books
Tadjo, Veronique Côte d'Ivoire Mamy Wata et le monstre Nouvelles éditions ivoriennes
Creative writing
Abnudi, `Abd al-Rahman Egypt al-Mawt `ala al-asfalt Atlas
Achebe, Chinua Nigeria Arrow of God Heinemann
Achebe, Chinua Nigeria **Things Fall Apart Heinemann
Aidoo, Ama Ata Ghana Anowa Longman
Almeida, Germano Cape Verde O testamento do Sr. Napumoceno da Silva Araújo Ed. Caminho
Armah, Ayi Kwei Ghana The Beautyful Ones Are Not Yet Born Heinemann
Bâ, Amadou Hampâté Mali L'étrange destin de Wangrin Union générale d'éditions
Bâ, Mariama Senegal **Une si longue lettre Nouvelles éditions africaines
Ben Jelloun, Tahar Morocco La nuit sacrée Seuil
Beti, Mongo Cameroon Le pauvre Christ de Bomba Présence africaine
Brink, André South Africa A Dry White Season Penguin
Bugul, Ken Senegal Riwan, ou le chemin de sable Présence africaine
Cheney-Choker, Syl Sierra Leone The Last Harmattan of Alusine Dunbar Heinemann
Chraibi, Driss Morocco Le passé simple Gallimard
Coetzee, J.M. South Africa Life and Times of
Michael K Secker & Warburg
Couto, Mia Mozambique **Terra sonâmbula Ed. Caminho
Craveirinha, José Mozambique Karingana ua Karingana Academica
Dadié, Bernard Côte d'Ivoire Climbié Editions Segiers
Dangarembga, Tsitsi Zimbabwe **Nervous Conditions Women's Press
Dib, Mohammed Algeria Algérie, La grande maison, L'incendie, Le métier à tisser Le Seuil
Diop, Birago Senegal Les contes d'Amadou Koumba Présence africaine
Diop, Boubacar Boris Senegal Murambi ou le livre des ossements Stock
Djebar, Assia Algeria **L'amour, la fantasia J.C. Lattes
Emecheta, Buchi Nigeria The Joys of Motherhood Alison and Busby
Fagunwa,
Daniel O. Nigeria Ogboju ode ninu igbo irunmale Nelson
Farah, Nuruddin Somalia Maps Pan Books
Fugard, Athol South Africa The Blood Knot Simondium Publishers
Ghitani, Jamal al- Egypt Zayni Barakat GEBO
Gordimer, Nadine South Africa Burgher's Daughter Jonathan Cape
Head, Bessie South Africa A Question of Power Heinemann
Honwana, Bernardo Mozambique Nos matamos o cão tinhoso Academica
Hove, Chenjerai Zimbabwe Bones Baobab Books
Isegawa, Moses Uganda Abessijnse Kronieken Uigeverij De
Bezige Bij
Jordan, Archibald Campbell South Africa Ingqumbo yeminyanya Lovedale Press
Joubert, Elsa South Africa Die Swerdjare van Poppie Nongena Tafelberg
Kane, Cheikh Hamidou Senegal L'aventure ambiguë Editions Juillard
Khosa, Ungulani Ba Ka Mozambique Ualalapi AEMO
Kourouma, Ahmadou Côte d'Ivoire Les soleils des indépendances Le Seuil
Laye, Camara Guinea L'enfant noir Plon
Magona, Sindiwe South Africa Living, Loving and Lying Awake at Night David Philip Publishers
Mahfouz, Naguib Egypt **The Cairo Trilogy Maktabet Misr
Marechera, Dambudzo Zimbabwe House of Hunger Heinemann
Mofolo, Thomas Lesotho **Chaka Morija Sesuto Book Depot
Monenembo, Tierno Guinea Un attieké pour Elgass Le Seuil
Mutwa, Vusamazulu Credo South Africa Indaba, My Children Blue Crane Books
Ngugi wa Thiong'o Kenya Caitaani Mutharaba-ini Heinemann
Ngugi wa Thiong'o Kenya **A Grain of Wheat Heinemann
Niane, Djibril Tamsir Senegal Soundjata ou l'épopée mandingue Présence africaine
Nyembezi, Sibusiso South Africa Inkinnsela yaseMgungundlovu Shuter and Shooter
Okigbo, Christopher Nigeria Labyrinths Heinemann
Okri, Ben Nigeria The Famished Road Spectrum Books
Oyono, Ferdinand Cameroon Le vieux nègre et la médaille Editions Juillard
P'Bitek, Okot Uganda Song of Lawino Heinemann
Pepetela Angola A geração da utopia Dom Quixote
Saadawi, Nawal El Egypt Woman at Point Zero Zed Books
Salih El Tayyib Sudan Season of Migration to the North Heinemann
Sassine, Williams Guinea Le jeune homme de sable Présence africaine
Sembene, Ousmane Senegal Les bouts de bois de Dieu Le livre contemporain
Senghor, Léopold Sédar Senegal **Ouevre poétique Le Seuil
Serote, Mongane South Africa Third World Express David Philip Publishers
Shabaan,
Robert Bin Tanzania Utenzi wa vita vya uhuru East African Literature Bureau
Sony Labou Tansi Congo La vie et demie Seuil
Sow Fall, Aminata Senegal La grève des battus Nouvelles éditions africaines
Soyinka, Wole Nigeria Death and the King's Horsemen Spectrum
Tchicaya U Tam'si Congo Le mauvais sang - feu de brousse - à trisse-coeur P.J. Swald
Tutuola, Amos Nigeria The Palm-wine Drinkard Faber
Vera, Yvonne Zimbabwe Butterfly Burning Baobab Books
Vieira, José Luandino Angola Nós os do Makulusu [União dos Escritores Angolanos]
Vilakazi, B.W. South Africa Amal'eZulu Witwatersrand University Press
Yacine, Kateb Algeria Nedjma Le Seuil
Scholarship/non-fiction
Amin, Samir Egypt Accumulation on a World Scale Monthly Review Press
Amadiume, Ifi Nigeria Male Daughters, Female Husbands Zed Books
Andrade,
Mario de Angola Os nacionalismos africanos Sa da Costa
Appiah, Anthony Ghana In My Father's House Oxford University Press
Cabral, Amilcar Guinea-Bissau Unity and Struggle Monthly Review Press
Chimera, Rocha Kenya Kiswahili, past, present and future horizons Nairobi University Press
Diop, Cheikh Anta Senegal **Antériorité des civilisations nègres Présence africaine
Doorkenoo, Efua Ghana Cutting the Rose Minority Rights Group
Hayford, J.E. Casely Ghana Ethiopia Unbound Cass
Hountondji, Paulin Benin Sur la philosophie africaine François Maspero
Johnson, Samuel Nigeria The History of the Yorubas G. Routledge & Sons
Kenyatta, Jomo Kenya Facing Mount Kenya Secker & Warburg
Ki-Zerbo, Joseph Burkina Faso Histoire de l'Afrique noire Hatier
Krog, Antjie South Africa Country of My Skull Jonathan Cape
Mama, Amina Nigeria Beyond the Mask, Race, Gender and Identity Routledge
Mamdani, Mahmood Uganda Citizen and Subject James Currey Publishers
Mandela, Nelson South Africa Long Walk to Freedom Little Brown
Marais, Eugene South Africa Die Siel van die Mier J.L. van Schaik
Memmi, Albert Tunisia Portrait du colonisé suivi de portrait du colonisateur L'Etincelle
Mondlane, Eduardo Mozambique The Struggle for Mozambique Penguin
Mphahlele, Ezekiel South Africa Down Second Avenue Faber & Faber
Mudimbe, V.Y. Dem. Rep. of Congo The Invention of Africa Indiana University Press
Nkrumah, Kwame Ghana Ghana: The Autobiography of Kwame Nkrumah Nelson
Plaatje, Sol South Africa Native Life in South Africa P.S. King
Soyinka, Wole Nigeria **Ake: The Years of Childhood Rex Collings
Van Onselen, Charles South Africa The Seed is Mine David Philip Publishers
Top 10 happiest countries in the world
Top 10 happiest countries in the world
by Roman on May 27, 2008
Here is a list of TOP 10 happiest countries in the world. The basis of this list is research done by professor Ruut Veenhoven who runs the World Database of Happiness at Erasmus University Rotterdam.
How is happiness measured?
Happiness can be very subjective. Some people are happy when it rains, others are happy when the sun is shining. So how is it measured? Apparently the people at World Database of Happiness take into account a number of different things such as average life expectancy and most importantly the answer to the following multiple choice question “How happy are you?” (Although the actual question has varied a bit throughout the years). Having all the variables they run it through a computer and get a number from 1 to 10. The bigger the number, the happier the country
Happiest countries in the world
10. Luxembourg – 7.6 points
Living in the worlds richest country inevitably puts a smile on your face! This small landlocked European country has an army of 800 people (yes, 800). They don’t have a navy nor an air force but together with Belgium they can afford to own 1 military cargo plane. Beat that US!
According to the Guinness Book of World Records Luxembourg holds the world record as the country that consumes most alcohol in the world per citizen.
9. Guatemala – 7,6 points
This Central American country borders with Mexico in the north and is located between the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea. This location makes it a very difficult country to stay happy in – Guatemala is frequently ravished by hurricanes and earthquakes that often kill thousands of people. Main exports of Guatemala include coffee, sugar and bananas. The latter is probably why they are so happy – have you ever seen someone that can stay sad while eating a banana? 56% of all Guatemalans live in poverty. If you ask me, they can use the cheap bananas!
8. Canada – 7,6 points
Many people have no idea that Canada’s head of state is actually Queen Elizabeth II – the head of the British Monarchy. This meant that when Britain declared war on Germany in World War I, Canada was automatically at war with the soon to be Nazi country. Unlike the neighboring US, Canada has never cancelled its relations with Cuba and has declined to take part from the Iraq War – instead, it has played a leading role in the United Nations peacekeeping missions and helped to launch a $1.5 billion initiative to help develop vaccines that could save millions of people in poor countries. It seems that happy people make a happy country!
7. Sweden – 7,7 points
This “welfare state” model is an excellent example of effective national taxes. Among other things the state provides universal tax-funded childcare, parental leave, health care, education (including university), retirement pensions and sick leave. Including value added tax (VAT – kind of like sales tax), it is possible to pay up to 80% of your income as taxes. Contrary to popular belief, Swedes are quite OK with their high taxes. After all it gives them tons of free and high quality services – what’s not to be happy about!
Sweden is also the home of IKEA – the worlds largest furniture store. IKEA’s founder Ingvar Kampard is famous for being the 7th richest person in the world (Net worth $31 billion) and driving a 15 year old Volvo station wagon. It has been claimed that more people read the Ikea catalogue than the Bible – and that one in ten Europeans have been conceived on an Ikea bed.
6. Australia – 7,7 points
The name “Australia” comes from the Latin word “Australis”, meaning “Southern”. Australia is the only country in the world, that consists of an entire continent. Between 1788 and 1868 the British used Australia as a colony to deport their convicted criminals – these people are the predecessors to many of today’s citizens. Australians are famous for playing rugby and calling each-other “mates”.
5. Finland – 7,7 points
This is the country that brought us Nokia – the worlds largest manufacturer of mobile phones. In 2003 Nokia accounted for about a quarter of Finland’s exports and in 2006 it generated more revenue than the entire budget of Finland. Before starting to make mobile phones Nokia made (yes, it’s true) rubber boots! Finland was also home to Simo Häyhä – considered to be the most deadly sniper through history with 542 kills. According to World Economic Forum Finland has the most competitive economy in the world. Plenty to be happy about!
4. Iceland – 7,8 points
This geologically active country is rich in volcanoes and geysers (A geyser is a hot spring that erupts water in certain intervals). Thanks to geothermal power Iceland gets its electricity and hot water dirt cheap. There have been occasions where steel has been shipped for processing from Australia or Africa and when finished shipped back to the originating country. Cheap local energy actually makes this cost effective. According to the Human Development Index, Iceland (together with Norway) is the world’s most developed country.
3. Austria – 8,0 points
Austria is the home to the popular energy drink Red Bull. This country is also one of the few in the world, that allows legal voting beginning from age 16. Upon turning 18, all Austrian males have to take part of a 6 month military service. The country has declared itself formally a neutral country or a “perpetual neutrality” as they say it, but in reality it has taken part of various peacekeeping missions and also took part of the UN sanctions against Iraq. Thanks to the wide use of wind-, solar- and hydropower Austria produces around 80% of its energy from renewable resources. Education is mostly free, with the exception of an average semester fee of 583 dollars (370 eur) in universities. As you probably guessed – student loan debts are not an issue in Austria.
Paying the bills!
2. Switzerland – 8,1 points
This cheese and chocolate producing land is the world’s 10th richest country. Switzerland’s neutrality helped their banks to raise some serious cash – for decades it was possible to open a bank account without having to identify yourself. Upon opening an account, you were given a special number that anyone could use to deposit or withdraw money. This law was later changed since it attracted illegal money. Switzerland is also one of the top garbage recyclers in the world (66% to 96% recyclable materials recycled). They achieve this by keeping recycling free, but asking money for regular garbage – thus giving people a financial incentive to recycle.
1. Denmark – 8,2 points
Just like Sweden, Denmark is a Nordic welfare state with most of its services free to the citizens. Expect to pay 72% of your money to the government on the highest income tax bracket. According to Wikipedia Denmark has the worlds highest taxes! When buying a car in Denmark one has to pay 25% VAT to the import price of the vehicle and then a 180% registration tax on top. That means when a car sells for $20 000, you have to pay an additional $45 000 as taxes for the government (total of $65 000). That’s why people in Denmark ride bikes or use one of the best public transport systems in the world. Denmark also has 2 autonomous provinces – the Faroe Islands and Greenland. The latter is over 50 times larger than Denmark but has about 100 times less people.
Other notable countries
USA – 7.4 points – 17th place
Great Britain – 7.1 points – 22nd place
France – 6.5 points – 39th place
China – 6.3 points – 44th place
India – 6.3 points – 45th place
Japan – 6.3 points – 46th place
I’ve been to 4 out of 10 happiest countries in the world – Luxembourg, Sweden, Finland and Denmark! What’s your score
by Roman on May 27, 2008
Here is a list of TOP 10 happiest countries in the world. The basis of this list is research done by professor Ruut Veenhoven who runs the World Database of Happiness at Erasmus University Rotterdam.
How is happiness measured?
Happiness can be very subjective. Some people are happy when it rains, others are happy when the sun is shining. So how is it measured? Apparently the people at World Database of Happiness take into account a number of different things such as average life expectancy and most importantly the answer to the following multiple choice question “How happy are you?” (Although the actual question has varied a bit throughout the years). Having all the variables they run it through a computer and get a number from 1 to 10. The bigger the number, the happier the country
Happiest countries in the world
10. Luxembourg – 7.6 points
Living in the worlds richest country inevitably puts a smile on your face! This small landlocked European country has an army of 800 people (yes, 800). They don’t have a navy nor an air force but together with Belgium they can afford to own 1 military cargo plane. Beat that US!
According to the Guinness Book of World Records Luxembourg holds the world record as the country that consumes most alcohol in the world per citizen.
9. Guatemala – 7,6 points
This Central American country borders with Mexico in the north and is located between the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea. This location makes it a very difficult country to stay happy in – Guatemala is frequently ravished by hurricanes and earthquakes that often kill thousands of people. Main exports of Guatemala include coffee, sugar and bananas. The latter is probably why they are so happy – have you ever seen someone that can stay sad while eating a banana? 56% of all Guatemalans live in poverty. If you ask me, they can use the cheap bananas!
8. Canada – 7,6 points
Many people have no idea that Canada’s head of state is actually Queen Elizabeth II – the head of the British Monarchy. This meant that when Britain declared war on Germany in World War I, Canada was automatically at war with the soon to be Nazi country. Unlike the neighboring US, Canada has never cancelled its relations with Cuba and has declined to take part from the Iraq War – instead, it has played a leading role in the United Nations peacekeeping missions and helped to launch a $1.5 billion initiative to help develop vaccines that could save millions of people in poor countries. It seems that happy people make a happy country!
7. Sweden – 7,7 points
This “welfare state” model is an excellent example of effective national taxes. Among other things the state provides universal tax-funded childcare, parental leave, health care, education (including university), retirement pensions and sick leave. Including value added tax (VAT – kind of like sales tax), it is possible to pay up to 80% of your income as taxes. Contrary to popular belief, Swedes are quite OK with their high taxes. After all it gives them tons of free and high quality services – what’s not to be happy about!
Sweden is also the home of IKEA – the worlds largest furniture store. IKEA’s founder Ingvar Kampard is famous for being the 7th richest person in the world (Net worth $31 billion) and driving a 15 year old Volvo station wagon. It has been claimed that more people read the Ikea catalogue than the Bible – and that one in ten Europeans have been conceived on an Ikea bed.
6. Australia – 7,7 points
The name “Australia” comes from the Latin word “Australis”, meaning “Southern”. Australia is the only country in the world, that consists of an entire continent. Between 1788 and 1868 the British used Australia as a colony to deport their convicted criminals – these people are the predecessors to many of today’s citizens. Australians are famous for playing rugby and calling each-other “mates”.
5. Finland – 7,7 points
This is the country that brought us Nokia – the worlds largest manufacturer of mobile phones. In 2003 Nokia accounted for about a quarter of Finland’s exports and in 2006 it generated more revenue than the entire budget of Finland. Before starting to make mobile phones Nokia made (yes, it’s true) rubber boots! Finland was also home to Simo Häyhä – considered to be the most deadly sniper through history with 542 kills. According to World Economic Forum Finland has the most competitive economy in the world. Plenty to be happy about!
4. Iceland – 7,8 points
This geologically active country is rich in volcanoes and geysers (A geyser is a hot spring that erupts water in certain intervals). Thanks to geothermal power Iceland gets its electricity and hot water dirt cheap. There have been occasions where steel has been shipped for processing from Australia or Africa and when finished shipped back to the originating country. Cheap local energy actually makes this cost effective. According to the Human Development Index, Iceland (together with Norway) is the world’s most developed country.
3. Austria – 8,0 points
Austria is the home to the popular energy drink Red Bull. This country is also one of the few in the world, that allows legal voting beginning from age 16. Upon turning 18, all Austrian males have to take part of a 6 month military service. The country has declared itself formally a neutral country or a “perpetual neutrality” as they say it, but in reality it has taken part of various peacekeeping missions and also took part of the UN sanctions against Iraq. Thanks to the wide use of wind-, solar- and hydropower Austria produces around 80% of its energy from renewable resources. Education is mostly free, with the exception of an average semester fee of 583 dollars (370 eur) in universities. As you probably guessed – student loan debts are not an issue in Austria.
Paying the bills!
2. Switzerland – 8,1 points
This cheese and chocolate producing land is the world’s 10th richest country. Switzerland’s neutrality helped their banks to raise some serious cash – for decades it was possible to open a bank account without having to identify yourself. Upon opening an account, you were given a special number that anyone could use to deposit or withdraw money. This law was later changed since it attracted illegal money. Switzerland is also one of the top garbage recyclers in the world (66% to 96% recyclable materials recycled). They achieve this by keeping recycling free, but asking money for regular garbage – thus giving people a financial incentive to recycle.
1. Denmark – 8,2 points
Just like Sweden, Denmark is a Nordic welfare state with most of its services free to the citizens. Expect to pay 72% of your money to the government on the highest income tax bracket. According to Wikipedia Denmark has the worlds highest taxes! When buying a car in Denmark one has to pay 25% VAT to the import price of the vehicle and then a 180% registration tax on top. That means when a car sells for $20 000, you have to pay an additional $45 000 as taxes for the government (total of $65 000). That’s why people in Denmark ride bikes or use one of the best public transport systems in the world. Denmark also has 2 autonomous provinces – the Faroe Islands and Greenland. The latter is over 50 times larger than Denmark but has about 100 times less people.
Other notable countries
USA – 7.4 points – 17th place
Great Britain – 7.1 points – 22nd place
France – 6.5 points – 39th place
China – 6.3 points – 44th place
India – 6.3 points – 45th place
Japan – 6.3 points – 46th place
I’ve been to 4 out of 10 happiest countries in the world – Luxembourg, Sweden, Finland and Denmark! What’s your score
50smartest people of the world
Parade Magazine Top 50 Smartest People in the World
(August 7, 2005)
http://www.parade.com/current/coverstory/top50.html
Who’s smarter—men or women? Marilyn vos Savant tackled that controversial question in our July 17 cover story. We asked you your opinion in our online poll. Here are the results.
Top 50 Smartest People
1
Albert Einstein
2
Bill Gates
3
Marie Curie
4
Stephen Hawking
5
Condoleezza Rice
6
Bill Clinton
7
Sandra Day O'Connor
8
Oprah Winfrey
9
Warren Buffett
10
Jane Goodall
11
Steven Spielberg
12
Dalai Lama
13
Sally Ride
14
George S. Patton Jr.
15
Jon Stewart
16
J.K. Rowling
17
Dr. Phil (McGraw)
18
Ben Carson
19
Susan Polgar
20
Pablo Picasso
21
Rosalyn Yalow
22
Linda Buck
23
Yo-Yo Ma
24
Johnny Carson
25
Georgia O'Keeffe
26
Katharine Graham
27
Mary Matalin
28
James Carville
29
Meryl Streep
30
Sergey Brin
31
Toni Morrison
32
Dr. Ruth (Westheimer)
33
Jackie Chan
34
Quincy Jones
35
Hayao Miyazaki
36
Maya Lin
37
Meg Whitman
38
Edward Albee
39
Pat Summitt
40
Wynton Marsalis
41
Mikhail Baryshnikov
42
Martha Graham
43
Ralph Lauren
44
Bette Davis
45
Antonia Novello
46
Allison Fisher
47
Frank Gehry
48
Mike Nichols
49
Annie Duke
50
Annika Sorenstam
http://www.parade.com/current/coverstory/thankyou.html
(August 7, 2005)
http://www.parade.com/current/coverstory/top50.html
Who’s smarter—men or women? Marilyn vos Savant tackled that controversial question in our July 17 cover story. We asked you your opinion in our online poll. Here are the results.
Top 50 Smartest People
1
Albert Einstein
2
Bill Gates
3
Marie Curie
4
Stephen Hawking
5
Condoleezza Rice
6
Bill Clinton
7
Sandra Day O'Connor
8
Oprah Winfrey
9
Warren Buffett
10
Jane Goodall
11
Steven Spielberg
12
Dalai Lama
13
Sally Ride
14
George S. Patton Jr.
15
Jon Stewart
16
J.K. Rowling
17
Dr. Phil (McGraw)
18
Ben Carson
19
Susan Polgar
20
Pablo Picasso
21
Rosalyn Yalow
22
Linda Buck
23
Yo-Yo Ma
24
Johnny Carson
25
Georgia O'Keeffe
26
Katharine Graham
27
Mary Matalin
28
James Carville
29
Meryl Streep
30
Sergey Brin
31
Toni Morrison
32
Dr. Ruth (Westheimer)
33
Jackie Chan
34
Quincy Jones
35
Hayao Miyazaki
36
Maya Lin
37
Meg Whitman
38
Edward Albee
39
Pat Summitt
40
Wynton Marsalis
41
Mikhail Baryshnikov
42
Martha Graham
43
Ralph Lauren
44
Bette Davis
45
Antonia Novello
46
Allison Fisher
47
Frank Gehry
48
Mike Nichols
49
Annie Duke
50
Annika Sorenstam
http://www.parade.com/current/coverstory/thankyou.html
COMUNICADO DE IMPRENSA DO MOVIMENTO NACIONAL DA SOCIEDADE CIVIL 04.04.2010
_________________________________________________________________________________
____
Movimento
E-mail: movimentosc@yahoo.com.br; elbachir_12@hotmail.com
Sede Provisória, Rua-Justino Lopes, Casa Nº13 (atrás da casa Escada), Tel (245) 6604831/675.20.31
Cp.n 65-Bissau/ Republica da Guine-Bissau
1
REPÚBLICA DA GUINE-BISSAU
MOVIMENTO
Movimento Nacional da Sociedade Civil para Paz Democracia e Desenvolvimento
COMUNICADO À IMPRENSA
A Guiné-Bissau mais uma vez viu escapar uma oportunidade imprescindível rumo
à estabilidade e ao desenvolvimento. Os acontecimentos de hoje além de serem
actos atentatórios à ordem democrática, simbolizam a espiral mais alta da
violência, colocando em risco todos os esforços tendentes à consolidação da paz e
estabilidade.
O Movimento Nacional da Sociedade Civil registou com extrema preocupação a
invasão da sede das Nações Unidas e consequente tomada de refém do Primeiroministro
e do Chefe do Estado-maior General das Forças Armadas
constitucionalmente instituídos. Conquanto e lamentavelmente, torna mais que
evidente que os militares continuam a ter um papel determinante na definição do
rumo político do país.
Infelizmente, esta autêntica demonstração de força, surgiu num momento em que
a comunidade nacional e internacional inspirava uma certa confiança no processo
de governação. Pois, era mais de que visível, a retoma da estabilidade económica,
austeridade financeira, revitalização do aparelho judiciário, início das reformas e
restituição da ordem do Estado
Porém, a tomada de medidas urgentes para a inversão substancial da forma de
actuar da classe castrense com vista à manutenção da ordem pública e
democrática é premente.
A construção do Estado de direito prende-se essencialmente com o funcionamento
pleno e efectivo das instituições e órgãos de soberania, respeito pelos direitos
humanos, submissão dos militares ao poder político, observância restrita da
legalidade e combate à impunidade.
_________________________________________________________________________________
____
Movimento
E-mail: movimentosc@yahoo.com.br; elbachir_12@hotmail.com
Sede Provisória, Rua-Justino Lopes, Casa Nº13 (atrás da casa Escada), Tel (245) 6604831/675.20.31
Cp.n 65-Bissau/ Republica da Guine-Bissau
2
REPÚBLICA DA GUINE-BISSAU
MOVIMENTO
Movimento Nacional da Sociedade Civil para Paz Democracia e Desenvolvimento
Não obstante, estes desideratos de que depende a eficiência do Estado, continuase
a constatar enormes fragilidades, ou seja, o país não consegue ainda, mitigar
os efeitos prejudiciais desses estrangulamentos nocivos ao processo da
consolidação da paz e estabilidade, isto é, está suplantado pelo império marcial.
Face ao exposto, o Movimento da Sociedade Civil delibera o seguinte:
1- Responsabilizar o Estado-Maior General das Forças Armadas pelas
consequências dos actos sobreditos,
2- Exigir o respeito pela liberdade e direitos fundamentais dos titulares
dos órgãos públicos democraticamente eleitos;
3- Apelar à Manutenção da Ordem democrática e constitucional
4- Exortar o Presidente da República para fazer valer a sua magistratura
enquanto Comandante em Chefe das Forças Armadas e guardião da
Constituição.
5- Enaltecer a atitude cívica dos cidadãos em exigir a reposição da ordem
pública
Feito em Bissau em 1 de Abril de 2010
A Direcção Nacional
___________________
____
Movimento
E-mail: movimentosc@yahoo.com.br; elbachir_12@hotmail.com
Sede Provisória, Rua-Justino Lopes, Casa Nº13 (atrás da casa Escada), Tel (245) 6604831/675.20.31
Cp.n 65-Bissau/ Republica da Guine-Bissau
1
REPÚBLICA DA GUINE-BISSAU
MOVIMENTO
Movimento Nacional da Sociedade Civil para Paz Democracia e Desenvolvimento
COMUNICADO À IMPRENSA
A Guiné-Bissau mais uma vez viu escapar uma oportunidade imprescindível rumo
à estabilidade e ao desenvolvimento. Os acontecimentos de hoje além de serem
actos atentatórios à ordem democrática, simbolizam a espiral mais alta da
violência, colocando em risco todos os esforços tendentes à consolidação da paz e
estabilidade.
O Movimento Nacional da Sociedade Civil registou com extrema preocupação a
invasão da sede das Nações Unidas e consequente tomada de refém do Primeiroministro
e do Chefe do Estado-maior General das Forças Armadas
constitucionalmente instituídos. Conquanto e lamentavelmente, torna mais que
evidente que os militares continuam a ter um papel determinante na definição do
rumo político do país.
Infelizmente, esta autêntica demonstração de força, surgiu num momento em que
a comunidade nacional e internacional inspirava uma certa confiança no processo
de governação. Pois, era mais de que visível, a retoma da estabilidade económica,
austeridade financeira, revitalização do aparelho judiciário, início das reformas e
restituição da ordem do Estado
Porém, a tomada de medidas urgentes para a inversão substancial da forma de
actuar da classe castrense com vista à manutenção da ordem pública e
democrática é premente.
A construção do Estado de direito prende-se essencialmente com o funcionamento
pleno e efectivo das instituições e órgãos de soberania, respeito pelos direitos
humanos, submissão dos militares ao poder político, observância restrita da
legalidade e combate à impunidade.
_________________________________________________________________________________
____
Movimento
E-mail: movimentosc@yahoo.com.br; elbachir_12@hotmail.com
Sede Provisória, Rua-Justino Lopes, Casa Nº13 (atrás da casa Escada), Tel (245) 6604831/675.20.31
Cp.n 65-Bissau/ Republica da Guine-Bissau
2
REPÚBLICA DA GUINE-BISSAU
MOVIMENTO
Movimento Nacional da Sociedade Civil para Paz Democracia e Desenvolvimento
Não obstante, estes desideratos de que depende a eficiência do Estado, continuase
a constatar enormes fragilidades, ou seja, o país não consegue ainda, mitigar
os efeitos prejudiciais desses estrangulamentos nocivos ao processo da
consolidação da paz e estabilidade, isto é, está suplantado pelo império marcial.
Face ao exposto, o Movimento da Sociedade Civil delibera o seguinte:
1- Responsabilizar o Estado-Maior General das Forças Armadas pelas
consequências dos actos sobreditos,
2- Exigir o respeito pela liberdade e direitos fundamentais dos titulares
dos órgãos públicos democraticamente eleitos;
3- Apelar à Manutenção da Ordem democrática e constitucional
4- Exortar o Presidente da República para fazer valer a sua magistratura
enquanto Comandante em Chefe das Forças Armadas e guardião da
Constituição.
5- Enaltecer a atitude cívica dos cidadãos em exigir a reposição da ordem
pública
Feito em Bissau em 1 de Abril de 2010
A Direcção Nacional
___________________
lunes, 29 de marzo de 2010
Black Scientists & Inventors that you should know
Black Scientists & Inventors
Benjamin Banneker, Thomas Jennings, other exceptional scientists
by Ann Marie Imbornoni
________________________________________
Madame C.J. Walker
RELATED LINKS
Black History Month Features
African American History Timeline
Table of African American Scientists
Table of African American Inventors
Almanac: Science
Inventors Hall of Fame
During slavery, most black slaves were denied formal education and in fact many laws were passed in the South prohibiting slave literacy in the aftermath of various slave rebellions. Even free blacks in the century before and after the Civil War were limited in their access to mainstream, quality education and vocational training.
This limited education and training meant that, for the most part, blacks were shut out of professional occupations and confined to working in industries deemed acceptable for them, such as domestic services, some manual trades, and agriculture. Nevertheless a small number of exceptionally talented blacks were able to obtain an education and, through their life's work, make significant contributions to American life.
Scientists
Two early African-American scientists, namely mathematician and astronomer Benjamin Banneker and agricultural chemist George Washington Carver, have become legendary for their intellect and ingenuity.
Born free in Maryland, Banneker was largely self-taught. He constructed the first striking clock to be made in America, helped survey the boundaries for Washington, D.C., and published an almanac, which he compiled based on his own astronomical observations and calculations.
Carver was born into slavery at the very end of the Civil War. He attended Iowa State College of Agriculture, where he received degrees in agricultural science. During his career as a researcher and educator, he advocated innovative agricultural methods and developed hundreds of applications for certain agricultural products, such as the peanut.
________________________________________
Born free in Maryland, Banneker was largely self-taught. He constructed the first striking clock to be made in America, helped survey the boundaries for Washington, D.C., and published an almanac
________________________________________
Although Banneker and Carver are probably the best-known black scientists, they were not the only ones. The achievements of a selection of pioneering black scientists, including Banneker and Carver, are outlined in the list of African American Scientists below.
Inventors
Unlike black slaves, free blacks prior to the Civil War were entitled to receive patents for their inventions. Though, again, because blacks lacked educational and vocational opportunities, few had the necessary skills or experience to develop their inventive ideas or patent them.
Despite these constraints, there were a number of successful black inventors whose inventions proved useful and important. Thomas Jennings, the first known African American to hold a patent, used the money he earned from his invention to fund abolitionist causes.
Some slaves, who were skilled craftsmen, did create devices or techniques that benefited their masters' enterprises. According to a decision by the federal government in 1858, though, neither the slave nor the slave owner could claim ownership rights to such an invention. In 1870, following the Civil War, the U.S. patent laws were revised so that anyone, regardless of race, could hold a patent. Consequently the number of patents issued to African Americans soared. Below is a list of some notable African-American inventors.
African American Scientists
Benjamin Banneker
(1731-1806) Born into a family of free blacks in Maryland, Banneker learned the rudiments of reading, writing, and arithmetic from his grandmother and a Quaker schoolmaster. Later he taught himself advanced mathematics and astronomy. He is best known for publishing an almanac based on his astronomical calculations.
Rebecca Cole
(1846-1922) Born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Cole was the second black woman to graduate from medical school (1867). She joined Dr. Elizabeth Blackwell, the first white woman physician, in New York and taught hygiene and childcare to families in poor neighborhoods.
Edward Alexander Bouchet
(1852-1918) Born in New Haven, Connecticut, Bouchet was the first African American to graduate (1874) from Yale College. In 1876, upon receiving his Ph.D. in physics from Yale, he became the first African American to earn a doctorate. Bouchet spent his career teaching college chemistry and physics.
Dr. Daniel Hale Williams
(1856-1931) Williams was born in Pennsylvania and attended medical school in Chicago, where he received his M.D. in 1883. He founded the Provident Hospital in Chicago in 1891, and he performed the first successful open heart surgery in 1893.
George Washington Carver
(1865?-1943) Born into slavery in Missouri, Carver later earned degrees from Iowa Agricultural College. The director of agricultural research at the Tuskegee Institute from 1896 until his death, Carver developed hundreds of applications for farm products important to the economy of the South, including the peanut, sweet potato, soybean, and pecan.
Charles Henry Turner
(1867-1923) A native of Cincinnati, Ohio, Turner received a B.S. (1891) and M.S. (1892) from the University of Cincinnati and a Ph.D. (1907) from the University of Chicago. A noted authority on the behavior of insects, he was the first researcher to prove that insects can hear.
Ernest Everett Just
(1883-1941) Originally from Charleston, South Carolina, Just attended Dartmouth College and the University of Chicago, where he earned a Ph.D. in zoology in 1916. Just's work on cell biology took him to marine laboratories in the U.S. and Europe and led him to publish more than 50 papers.
Archibald Alexander
(1888-1958) Iowa-born Alexander attended Iowa State University and earned a civil engineering degree in 1912. While working for an engineering firm, he designed the Tidal Basin Bridge in Washington, D.C. Later he formed his own company, designing Whitehurst Freeway in Washington, D.C. and an airfield in Tuskegee, Alabama, among other projects.
Roger Arliner Young
(1889-1964) Ms. Young was born in Virginia and attended Howard University, University of Chicago, and University of Pennsylvania, where she earned a Ph.D. in zoology in 1940. Working with her mentor, Ernest E. Just, she published a number of important studies.
Percy L. Julian
(1899-1975) Alabama-born Julian held a bachelor's degree from DePauw University, a master's degree from Harvard University, and a Ph.D. from the University of Vienna. His most famous achievement is his synthesis of cortisone, which is used to treat arthritis and other inflammatory diseases.
Dr. Charles Richard Drew
(1904-1950) Born in Washington, D.C., Drew earned advanced degrees in medicine and surgery from McGill University in Montreal, Quebec, in 1933 and from Columbia University in 1940. He is particularly noted for his research in blood plasma and for setting up the first blood bank.
Emmett Chappelle
(1925-)
Born in Phoenix, Arizona, Chappelle earned a B.S. from the University of California and an M.S. from the University of Washington. He joined NASA in 1977 as a remote sensing scientist. Among Chappelle's discoveries is a method (developed with Grace Picciolo) of instantly detecting bacteria in water, which led to the improved diagnoses of urinary tract infections.
African American Inventors
Thomas L. Jennings
(1791-1859) A tailor in New York City, Jennings is credited with being the first African American to hold a U.S. patent. The patent, which was issued in 1821, was for a dry-cleaning process.
Norbert Rillieux
(1806-1894) Born the son of a French planter and a slave in New Orleans, Rillieux was educated in France. Returning to the U.S., he developed an evaporator for refining sugar, which he patented in 1846. Rillieux's evaporation technique is still used in the sugar industry and in the manufacture of soap and other products.
Benjamin Bradley
(1830?-?) A slave, Bradley was employed at a printing office and later at the Annapolis Naval Academy, where he helped set up scientific experiments. In the 1840s he developed a steam engine for a war ship. Unable to patent his work, he sold it and with the proceeds purchased his freedom.
Elijah McCoy
(1844-1929) The son of escaped slaves from Kentucky, McCoy was born in Canada and educated in Scotland. Settling in Detroit, Michigan, he invented a lubricator for steam engines (patented 1872) and established his own manufacturing company. During his lifetime he acquired 57 patents.
Lewis Howard Latimer
(1848-1929) Born in Chelsea, Mass., Latimer learned mechanical drawing while working for a Boston patent attorney. He later invented an electric lamp and a carbon filament for light bulbs (patented 1881, 1882). Latimer was the only African-American member of Thomas Edison's engineering laboratory.
Granville T. Woods
(1856-1910) Woods was born in Columbus, Ohio, and later settled in Cincinnati. Largely self-educated, he was awarded more than 60 patents. One of his most important inventions was a telegraph that allowed moving trains to communicate with other trains and train stations, thus improving railway efficiency and safety.
Madame C.J. Walker
(1867-1919) Widowed at 20, Louisiana-born Sarah Breedlove Walker supported herself and her daughter as a washerwoman. In the early 1900s she developed a hair care system and other beauty products. Her business, headquartered in Indianapolis, Indiana, amassed a fortune, and she became a generous patron of many black charities.
Garrett Augustus Morgan
(1877-1963) Born in Kentucky, Morgan invented a gas mask (patented 1914) that was used to protect soldiers from chlorine fumes during World War I. Morgan also received a patent (1923) for a traffic signal that featured automated STOP and GO signs. Morgan's invention was later replaced by traffic lights.
Frederick McKinley Jones
(1892-1961) Jones was born in Cincinnati, Ohio. An experienced mechanic, he invented a self-starting gas engine and a series of devices for movie projectors. More importantly, he invented the first automatic refrigeration system for long-haul trucks (1935). Jones was awarded more than 40 patents in the field of refrigeration.
David Crosthwait, Jr.
(1898-1976) Born in Nashville, Tennessee, Crosthwait earned a B.S. (1913) and M.S. (1920) from Purdue University. An expert on heating, ventilation, and air conditioning, he designed the heating system for Radio City Music Hall in New York. During his lifetime he received some 40 U.S. patents relating to HVAC systems.
Patricia Bath
(1942-) Born in Harlem, New York, Bath holds a bachelor's degree from Hunter College and an M.D. from Howard University. She is a co-founder of the American Institute for the Prevention of Blindness. Bath is best known for her invention of the Laserphaco Probe for the treatment of cataracts.
Mark Dean
(1957-) Dean was born in Jefferson City, Tennessee, and holds a bachelor's degree from the University of Tennessee, a master's degree from Florida Atlantic University, and a Ph.D. from Stanford University. He led the team of IBM scientists that developed the ISA bus—a device that enabled computer components to communicate with each other rapidly, which made personal computers fast and efficient for the first time. Dean also led the design team responsible for creating the first one-gigahertz computer processor chip. He was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame in 1997.
Benjamin Banneker, Thomas Jennings, other exceptional scientists
by Ann Marie Imbornoni
________________________________________
Madame C.J. Walker
RELATED LINKS
Black History Month Features
African American History Timeline
Table of African American Scientists
Table of African American Inventors
Almanac: Science
Inventors Hall of Fame
During slavery, most black slaves were denied formal education and in fact many laws were passed in the South prohibiting slave literacy in the aftermath of various slave rebellions. Even free blacks in the century before and after the Civil War were limited in their access to mainstream, quality education and vocational training.
This limited education and training meant that, for the most part, blacks were shut out of professional occupations and confined to working in industries deemed acceptable for them, such as domestic services, some manual trades, and agriculture. Nevertheless a small number of exceptionally talented blacks were able to obtain an education and, through their life's work, make significant contributions to American life.
Scientists
Two early African-American scientists, namely mathematician and astronomer Benjamin Banneker and agricultural chemist George Washington Carver, have become legendary for their intellect and ingenuity.
Born free in Maryland, Banneker was largely self-taught. He constructed the first striking clock to be made in America, helped survey the boundaries for Washington, D.C., and published an almanac, which he compiled based on his own astronomical observations and calculations.
Carver was born into slavery at the very end of the Civil War. He attended Iowa State College of Agriculture, where he received degrees in agricultural science. During his career as a researcher and educator, he advocated innovative agricultural methods and developed hundreds of applications for certain agricultural products, such as the peanut.
________________________________________
Born free in Maryland, Banneker was largely self-taught. He constructed the first striking clock to be made in America, helped survey the boundaries for Washington, D.C., and published an almanac
________________________________________
Although Banneker and Carver are probably the best-known black scientists, they were not the only ones. The achievements of a selection of pioneering black scientists, including Banneker and Carver, are outlined in the list of African American Scientists below.
Inventors
Unlike black slaves, free blacks prior to the Civil War were entitled to receive patents for their inventions. Though, again, because blacks lacked educational and vocational opportunities, few had the necessary skills or experience to develop their inventive ideas or patent them.
Despite these constraints, there were a number of successful black inventors whose inventions proved useful and important. Thomas Jennings, the first known African American to hold a patent, used the money he earned from his invention to fund abolitionist causes.
Some slaves, who were skilled craftsmen, did create devices or techniques that benefited their masters' enterprises. According to a decision by the federal government in 1858, though, neither the slave nor the slave owner could claim ownership rights to such an invention. In 1870, following the Civil War, the U.S. patent laws were revised so that anyone, regardless of race, could hold a patent. Consequently the number of patents issued to African Americans soared. Below is a list of some notable African-American inventors.
African American Scientists
Benjamin Banneker
(1731-1806) Born into a family of free blacks in Maryland, Banneker learned the rudiments of reading, writing, and arithmetic from his grandmother and a Quaker schoolmaster. Later he taught himself advanced mathematics and astronomy. He is best known for publishing an almanac based on his astronomical calculations.
Rebecca Cole
(1846-1922) Born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Cole was the second black woman to graduate from medical school (1867). She joined Dr. Elizabeth Blackwell, the first white woman physician, in New York and taught hygiene and childcare to families in poor neighborhoods.
Edward Alexander Bouchet
(1852-1918) Born in New Haven, Connecticut, Bouchet was the first African American to graduate (1874) from Yale College. In 1876, upon receiving his Ph.D. in physics from Yale, he became the first African American to earn a doctorate. Bouchet spent his career teaching college chemistry and physics.
Dr. Daniel Hale Williams
(1856-1931) Williams was born in Pennsylvania and attended medical school in Chicago, where he received his M.D. in 1883. He founded the Provident Hospital in Chicago in 1891, and he performed the first successful open heart surgery in 1893.
George Washington Carver
(1865?-1943) Born into slavery in Missouri, Carver later earned degrees from Iowa Agricultural College. The director of agricultural research at the Tuskegee Institute from 1896 until his death, Carver developed hundreds of applications for farm products important to the economy of the South, including the peanut, sweet potato, soybean, and pecan.
Charles Henry Turner
(1867-1923) A native of Cincinnati, Ohio, Turner received a B.S. (1891) and M.S. (1892) from the University of Cincinnati and a Ph.D. (1907) from the University of Chicago. A noted authority on the behavior of insects, he was the first researcher to prove that insects can hear.
Ernest Everett Just
(1883-1941) Originally from Charleston, South Carolina, Just attended Dartmouth College and the University of Chicago, where he earned a Ph.D. in zoology in 1916. Just's work on cell biology took him to marine laboratories in the U.S. and Europe and led him to publish more than 50 papers.
Archibald Alexander
(1888-1958) Iowa-born Alexander attended Iowa State University and earned a civil engineering degree in 1912. While working for an engineering firm, he designed the Tidal Basin Bridge in Washington, D.C. Later he formed his own company, designing Whitehurst Freeway in Washington, D.C. and an airfield in Tuskegee, Alabama, among other projects.
Roger Arliner Young
(1889-1964) Ms. Young was born in Virginia and attended Howard University, University of Chicago, and University of Pennsylvania, where she earned a Ph.D. in zoology in 1940. Working with her mentor, Ernest E. Just, she published a number of important studies.
Percy L. Julian
(1899-1975) Alabama-born Julian held a bachelor's degree from DePauw University, a master's degree from Harvard University, and a Ph.D. from the University of Vienna. His most famous achievement is his synthesis of cortisone, which is used to treat arthritis and other inflammatory diseases.
Dr. Charles Richard Drew
(1904-1950) Born in Washington, D.C., Drew earned advanced degrees in medicine and surgery from McGill University in Montreal, Quebec, in 1933 and from Columbia University in 1940. He is particularly noted for his research in blood plasma and for setting up the first blood bank.
Emmett Chappelle
(1925-)
Born in Phoenix, Arizona, Chappelle earned a B.S. from the University of California and an M.S. from the University of Washington. He joined NASA in 1977 as a remote sensing scientist. Among Chappelle's discoveries is a method (developed with Grace Picciolo) of instantly detecting bacteria in water, which led to the improved diagnoses of urinary tract infections.
African American Inventors
Thomas L. Jennings
(1791-1859) A tailor in New York City, Jennings is credited with being the first African American to hold a U.S. patent. The patent, which was issued in 1821, was for a dry-cleaning process.
Norbert Rillieux
(1806-1894) Born the son of a French planter and a slave in New Orleans, Rillieux was educated in France. Returning to the U.S., he developed an evaporator for refining sugar, which he patented in 1846. Rillieux's evaporation technique is still used in the sugar industry and in the manufacture of soap and other products.
Benjamin Bradley
(1830?-?) A slave, Bradley was employed at a printing office and later at the Annapolis Naval Academy, where he helped set up scientific experiments. In the 1840s he developed a steam engine for a war ship. Unable to patent his work, he sold it and with the proceeds purchased his freedom.
Elijah McCoy
(1844-1929) The son of escaped slaves from Kentucky, McCoy was born in Canada and educated in Scotland. Settling in Detroit, Michigan, he invented a lubricator for steam engines (patented 1872) and established his own manufacturing company. During his lifetime he acquired 57 patents.
Lewis Howard Latimer
(1848-1929) Born in Chelsea, Mass., Latimer learned mechanical drawing while working for a Boston patent attorney. He later invented an electric lamp and a carbon filament for light bulbs (patented 1881, 1882). Latimer was the only African-American member of Thomas Edison's engineering laboratory.
Granville T. Woods
(1856-1910) Woods was born in Columbus, Ohio, and later settled in Cincinnati. Largely self-educated, he was awarded more than 60 patents. One of his most important inventions was a telegraph that allowed moving trains to communicate with other trains and train stations, thus improving railway efficiency and safety.
Madame C.J. Walker
(1867-1919) Widowed at 20, Louisiana-born Sarah Breedlove Walker supported herself and her daughter as a washerwoman. In the early 1900s she developed a hair care system and other beauty products. Her business, headquartered in Indianapolis, Indiana, amassed a fortune, and she became a generous patron of many black charities.
Garrett Augustus Morgan
(1877-1963) Born in Kentucky, Morgan invented a gas mask (patented 1914) that was used to protect soldiers from chlorine fumes during World War I. Morgan also received a patent (1923) for a traffic signal that featured automated STOP and GO signs. Morgan's invention was later replaced by traffic lights.
Frederick McKinley Jones
(1892-1961) Jones was born in Cincinnati, Ohio. An experienced mechanic, he invented a self-starting gas engine and a series of devices for movie projectors. More importantly, he invented the first automatic refrigeration system for long-haul trucks (1935). Jones was awarded more than 40 patents in the field of refrigeration.
David Crosthwait, Jr.
(1898-1976) Born in Nashville, Tennessee, Crosthwait earned a B.S. (1913) and M.S. (1920) from Purdue University. An expert on heating, ventilation, and air conditioning, he designed the heating system for Radio City Music Hall in New York. During his lifetime he received some 40 U.S. patents relating to HVAC systems.
Patricia Bath
(1942-) Born in Harlem, New York, Bath holds a bachelor's degree from Hunter College and an M.D. from Howard University. She is a co-founder of the American Institute for the Prevention of Blindness. Bath is best known for her invention of the Laserphaco Probe for the treatment of cataracts.
Mark Dean
(1957-) Dean was born in Jefferson City, Tennessee, and holds a bachelor's degree from the University of Tennessee, a master's degree from Florida Atlantic University, and a Ph.D. from Stanford University. He led the team of IBM scientists that developed the ISA bus—a device that enabled computer components to communicate with each other rapidly, which made personal computers fast and efficient for the first time. Dean also led the design team responsible for creating the first one-gigahertz computer processor chip. He was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame in 1997.
miércoles, 20 de enero de 2010
viernes, 15 de enero de 2010
jueves, 14 de enero de 2010
Help Haiti,Djuda Haiti,,Ayuda Haiti
Wyclef Jean in Haiti aid appeal
Posted Thu Jan 14, 2010 10:42am AEDT
Updated 10 hours 43 minutes ago
Wyclef Jean is in his homeland appealing for help. (Getty Images: Chris Jackson, file photo)
Related Link: Haiti quake: Special coverage Haitian-born musician Wyclef Jean leads an army of celebrities in an urgent appeal for aid following the devastating earthquake which rocked the star's Caribbean homeland.
Jean said in statements on his website and Twitter that the earthquake had been "a natural disaster of unprecedented proportion" and that millions in Port-au-Prince were in peril.
"I cannot stress enough what a human disaster this is and idle hands will only make this tragedy worse," he wrote.
Jean arrived in his homeland a short time ago.
The 37-year-old former Fugees star wants people to donate to a special fund set up by his Yele Haiti Foundation.
Jean's foundation has received high-powered support from other celebrities in recent years, most notably Hollywood power couple and humanitarian campaigners Brad Pitt and Angelina Jolie.
Pitt and Jolie, who have previously visited Haiti, said in a statement on Wednesday they were "devastated" by news of the earthquake and pledged their support for relief efforts.
"We are devastated by the news from Haiti," the pair said.
"We will work closely with our good friend Wyclef Jean to support the humanitarian efforts on the island and help those who have been injured and left without homes and shelter."
Other celebrities took to Twitter to call for support.
Husband and wife Ashton Kutcher and Demi Moore tweeted vigorously on the issue, directing followers to UNICEF's Haiti relief effort website.
Former reality television star Nicole Richie followed suit, writing: "To donate to the ongoing emergency relief efforts in Haiti and Caribbean region, please visit: www.unicefusa.org/haitiquake."
Other celebrities issuing appeals included hip-hop mogul Sean "Diddy" Combs, rapper and actor LL Cool J, DefJam records founder Russell Simmons and actress Jessica Alba.
- AFP
Tags: arts-and-entertainment, music, popular-culture, earthquake, haiti
Source:ABC.COM
Posted Thu Jan 14, 2010 10:42am AEDT
Updated 10 hours 43 minutes ago
Wyclef Jean is in his homeland appealing for help. (Getty Images: Chris Jackson, file photo)
Related Link: Haiti quake: Special coverage Haitian-born musician Wyclef Jean leads an army of celebrities in an urgent appeal for aid following the devastating earthquake which rocked the star's Caribbean homeland.
Jean said in statements on his website and Twitter that the earthquake had been "a natural disaster of unprecedented proportion" and that millions in Port-au-Prince were in peril.
"I cannot stress enough what a human disaster this is and idle hands will only make this tragedy worse," he wrote.
Jean arrived in his homeland a short time ago.
The 37-year-old former Fugees star wants people to donate to a special fund set up by his Yele Haiti Foundation.
Jean's foundation has received high-powered support from other celebrities in recent years, most notably Hollywood power couple and humanitarian campaigners Brad Pitt and Angelina Jolie.
Pitt and Jolie, who have previously visited Haiti, said in a statement on Wednesday they were "devastated" by news of the earthquake and pledged their support for relief efforts.
"We are devastated by the news from Haiti," the pair said.
"We will work closely with our good friend Wyclef Jean to support the humanitarian efforts on the island and help those who have been injured and left without homes and shelter."
Other celebrities took to Twitter to call for support.
Husband and wife Ashton Kutcher and Demi Moore tweeted vigorously on the issue, directing followers to UNICEF's Haiti relief effort website.
Former reality television star Nicole Richie followed suit, writing: "To donate to the ongoing emergency relief efforts in Haiti and Caribbean region, please visit: www.unicefusa.org/haitiquake."
Other celebrities issuing appeals included hip-hop mogul Sean "Diddy" Combs, rapper and actor LL Cool J, DefJam records founder Russell Simmons and actress Jessica Alba.
- AFP
Tags: arts-and-entertainment, music, popular-culture, earthquake, haiti
Source:ABC.COM
jueves, 7 de enero de 2010
(Fidjus Di Guinè-Bissau Lanta u Firma Tchan)Pt.1
A nossa perioridade devia ser: Salvaguardar a nossa pàtria(RGB)
A dignidade nacional e o respeito internacional esta em cusa,e todos nòs sabemos que è a verdade.(Devemos fazer algo seja:individualmente ou colectivo.
A negativa esta reforçada em comunidade guineense desde fora e desde dentro.Desde dentro ensinarao-nos a odiar-nos uns aos outros de tal formas que o negativo è que resulta mais atractivo.
Fomos entreinados e programados para sermos atraidos por òdio atè a nòs mesmo.
Desconfian-se sempre dum deus branco(Al carajo con esto).
Cuidado Ku Brancos na nò Tèrra Utru Bias
Cuidado Nhà Ermòns,Nò Tòma Cuidado,
Kà Nò Fia èlis.
Umas das maiores trampas do momento è que estao la outra vèz, a utilizar a nossa instabilidade para nos distruir-nos como Povo Unido, e como Naçao forte.
A Clave da nossa fortaleza è que nunca poderam desfazer-se daquilo que o Cabral nos ensinou UNIDADE E LUTA.
Sò os "blufus" dizem que o deus è Branco.
Se queres ter un ano feliz esta è a minha dedicaçao para ti,caso nao Morràs hoje mesmo serà menos um.
A nossa perioridade devia ser: Salvaguardar a nossa pàtria(RGB)
A dignidade nacional e o respeito internacional esta em cusa,e todos nòs sabemos que è a verdade.(Devemos fazer algo seja:individualmente ou colectivo.
A negativa esta reforçada em comunidade guineense desde fora e desde dentro.Desde dentro ensinarao-nos a odiar-nos uns aos outros de tal formas que o negativo è que resulta mais atractivo.
Fomos entreinados e programados para sermos atraidos por òdio atè a nòs mesmo.
Desconfian-se sempre dum deus branco(Al carajo con esto).
Cuidado Ku Brancos na nò Tèrra Utru Bias
Cuidado Nhà Ermòns,Nò Tòma Cuidado,
Kà Nò Fia èlis.
Umas das maiores trampas do momento è que estao la outra vèz, a utilizar a nossa instabilidade para nos distruir-nos como Povo Unido, e como Naçao forte.
A Clave da nossa fortaleza è que nunca poderam desfazer-se daquilo que o Cabral nos ensinou UNIDADE E LUTA.
Sò os "blufus" dizem que o deus è Branco.
Se queres ter un ano feliz esta è a minha dedicaçao para ti,caso nao Morràs hoje mesmo serà menos um.
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